Setelah dokter gigi membersihkan gigi saya, gusi saya tidak sakit lagi.

Setelah means after.

In this sentence, Setelah dokter gigi membersihkan gigi saya means After the dentist cleaned my teeth.

It does not have to come first. You could also say:

Gusi saya tidak sakit lagi setelah dokter gigi membersihkan gigi saya.

That is still natural and means the same thing. Starting with setelah... just puts the time/background first.

Because it is a noun phrase meaning tooth doctor, which is the normal Indonesian way to say dentist.

• dokter = doctor
• gigi = tooth / teeth

So dokter gigi literally means tooth doctor, but in normal English translation it is simply dentist.

Bersih means clean as an adjective, as in The room is clean.

But here the meaning is to clean something, which needs a verb.
That is why Indonesian uses membersihkan, which means to clean.

A helpful way to think about it:

• bersih = clean
• membersihkan = to make clean / to clean

So:

• Gigi saya bersih. = My teeth are clean.
• Dokter gigi membersihkan gigi saya. = The dentist cleaned my teeth.

Membersihkan is built from the root bersih.

It has:

• the prefix meN- → here it appears as mem-
• the suffix -kan

So:

• bersih → clean
• membersihkan → to clean something

This is a very common Indonesian pattern for making an active transitive verb, especially one that takes an object.

In this sentence, the object is gigi saya.

Because Indonesian possessives usually come after the noun.

So:

• gigi saya = my teeth
• gusi saya = my gums

This is the normal order in Indonesian:

• buku saya = my book
• rumah saya = my house
• nama saya = my name

So English my + noun often becomes Indonesian noun + saya.

Because Indonesian often repeats the possessor when it belongs to two different nouns.

So:

• gigi saya = my teeth
• gusi saya = my gums

Repeating saya makes the sentence clear and natural. Indonesian often prefers this explicit style rather than assuming the second noun has the same owner.

Because Indonesian often does not use a copula like is/are in simple statements.

So:

• gusi saya sakit literally looks like my gums painful
• but it means my gums are painful / my gums hurt

This is very normal in Indonesian. Adjectives and stative words can act as the predicate without is/are.

Examples:

• Saya lelah. = I am tired.
• Rumah itu besar. = That house is big.
• Gusi saya sakit. = My gums hurt / My gums are painful.

It is best understood as a stative word in Indonesian, often translated like an adjective in grammar explanations.

In English, we might say:

• my gums hurt
• my gums are sore
• my gums are painful

Indonesian uses sakit very naturally for this kind of meaning without needing a separate verb like English hurt.

So gusi saya sakit is a normal way to say my gums hurt.

In this sentence, tidak ... lagi means no longer or not anymore.

So:

• gusi saya tidak sakit lagi = my gums do not hurt anymore / my gums are no longer sore

This is a very common pattern:

• tidak = not
• lagi = again / anymore / further, depending on context

Together, in a sentence like this, they often mean no longer.

Examples:

• Saya tidak lapar lagi. = I’m not hungry anymore.
• Dia tidak tinggal di sini lagi. = He/She no longer lives here.

Lagi can mean different things depending on context.

Common meanings include:

• again
• more / further
• anymore / no longer when used with negation

So:

• Coba lagi. = Try again.
• Tidak sakit lagi. = Not hurting anymore.

The presence of tidak changes how it is understood.
So tidak ... lagi is a very common combination meaning not anymore / no longer.

Because Indonesian verbs usually do not change form for tense the way English verbs do.

Membersihkan can mean:

• clean
• cleans
• cleaned
• will clean

The time is usually understood from context or from time words such as:

• setelah = after
• kemarin = yesterday
• tadi = earlier
• besok = tomorrow

In this sentence, setelah and the overall meaning make it clear that the cleaning happened before the gums stopped hurting.

It can mean either tooth or teeth. Indonesian nouns usually do not change form for singular vs. plural.

So gigi saya could literally be my tooth or my teeth, but in this context it clearly means my teeth.

Indonesian often leaves number to context unless it needs to be made explicit.

Gusi means gum or gums, the tissue around the teeth.

Like many Indonesian nouns, it does not have a separate plural form here, so gusi saya can mean my gum or my gums. In this sentence, the natural English meaning is my gums.

Yes, in many contexts sesudah can also mean after.

So you could say:

Sesudah dokter gigi membersihkan gigi saya, gusi saya tidak sakit lagi.

That is understandable and natural.
In everyday use, setelah is very common and slightly more neutral/basic for many learners to start with.

Because the sentence starts with a dependent time clause:

Setelah dokter gigi membersihkan gigi saya, ...

Then the main clause comes after it:

gusi saya tidak sakit lagi.

The comma helps separate the background/time information from the main statement. This is similar to English punctuation after an opening clause like:

After the dentist cleaned my teeth, my gums stopped hurting.

Sometimes sakit can mean sick/ill, but here that is not the natural interpretation.

Because the subject is gusi saya (my gums), sakit here clearly means painful / sore / hurting, not ill.

So:

• Saya sakit. = I am sick / ill.
• Gusi saya sakit. = My gums hurt / My gums are sore.

Context is very important with sakit.

Yes. It sounds natural and clear.

It uses very common Indonesian patterns:

• setelah for after
• noun + saya for possession
• membersihkan for cleaned
• tidak ... lagi for no longer / not anymore

A speaker might also phrase it in slightly different ways, but this sentence is perfectly normal Indonesian.