Setelah minum obat, dia tidak muntah lagi, tetapi lidahnya masih terasa pahit.

Yes. Setelah means after, and minum obat means taking/drinking medicine.

So Setelah minum obat means after taking medicine.

In Indonesian, it is very common to begin a sentence with a time phrase like this. The subject of minum is not repeated, but it is understood to be the same person as dia later in the sentence.

So the structure is:

• Setelah minum obat = after taking medicine
• dia tidak muntah lagi = he/she did not vomit anymore

This kind of subject omission is very natural in Indonesian when the meaning is clear from context.

Yes, minum literally means to drink, but in Indonesian it is also commonly used for taking medicine, especially liquid medicine or medicine taken by mouth.

So:

• minum obat = to take medicine

Even if English uses take medicine, Indonesian often uses drink medicine in this expression.

Obat means medicine, medication, or remedy.

It is a very common general word. Depending on context, it can refer to:

• medicine from a doctor
• over-the-counter medicine
• a cure or remedy

In this sentence, obat simply means medicine.

In Indonesian, tidak is used to negate verbs and adjectives, while bukan is used mainly to negate nouns or noun phrases.

Here, muntah functions as a verb: to vomit.

So:

• tidak muntah = did not vomit
• bukan muntah would be wrong here

A simple rule:

• tidak
  • verb/adjective
• bukan
  • noun

Here lagi means again or anymore, depending on how it is translated into natural English.

So:

• muntah lagi = vomit again
• tidak muntah lagi = not vomit anymore / no longer vomit

This is a very common pattern in Indonesian:

• tidak ... lagi = no longer / not anymore

Examples:

• tidak sakit lagi = not sick anymore
• tidak tinggal di sana lagi = no longer lives there

Tetapi means but. It is a slightly more formal or complete form of tapi.

Both are common:

• tetapi = but
• tapi = but

In writing, especially more careful or standard writing, tetapi often sounds a bit more polished. In casual speech, many people would simply say tapi.

Lidah means tongue. The suffix -nya here means his/her/their or sometimes the depending on context.

So:

• lidah = tongue
• lidahnya = his tongue / her tongue

Because the sentence already has dia, -nya refers back to that person.

Important point: dia is gender-neutral in Indonesian, so lidahnya can mean either his tongue or her tongue.

Because Indonesian often uses -nya to show possession instead of separate possessive words like English does.

For example:

• bukunya = his/her book
• rumahnya = his/her house
• lidahnya = his/her tongue

This is one of the most common ways to express possession in Indonesian.

Also, Indonesian usually does not mark gender in third-person pronouns, so -nya does not tell you whether the person is male or female.

Masih means still.

So:

• masih terasa pahit = still feels/tastes bitter

It shows that the bitter sensation continues, even though the vomiting has stopped.

Common uses of masih:

• masih sakit = still sick
• masih ada = still there / still exists
• masih tidur = still sleeping

This is a very good question, because these two can be confusing.

• merasa usually means to feel in the sense that a person experiences something
• terasa often means to be محسوس / be felt / seem / taste/feel depending on context

In this sentence:

• lidahnya masih terasa pahit

literally means something like his/her tongue still feels bitter or more naturally there is still a bitter taste on the tongue.

Using terasa focuses on the sensation itself. It sounds natural when describing how something feels or tastes.

Compare:

• Dia merasa pahit = He/she feels bitter
  This sounds odd if you mean physical taste.
• Lidahnya terasa pahit = His/her tongue feels bitter / tastes bitter
  This is natural.

So terasa is the better choice for a sensation on the tongue.

In this sentence, pahit means bitter in taste.

That is its basic meaning. It can also be used metaphorically, like English bitter, for unpleasant experiences:

• pengalaman pahit = a bitter experience

But here it is clearly about physical taste, because the sentence talks about the tongue and medicine.

Dia can mean either he or she. Indonesian third-person singular pronouns do not usually show gender.

So:

• dia = he / she

You only know the gender if:

• the context makes it clear
• the speaker has already mentioned the person
• a name or other detail tells you

Without context, you should translate it as he/she or choose they in some natural English contexts.

Yes, it is very natural.

The structure is:

• Setelah minum obat = after taking medicine
• dia tidak muntah lagi = he/she no longer vomited
• tetapi lidahnya masih terasa pahit = but his/her tongue still felt bitter / still tasted bitter

A very literal breakdown would be:

• After taking medicine, he/she not vomit anymore, but tongue-his/hers still felt bitter.

That may sound unusual in English, but it is perfectly normal Indonesian word order.

Yes. A more casual version might be:

• Setelah minum obat, dia nggak muntah lagi, tapi lidahnya masih terasa pahit.

Changes:

• tidak → nggak = informal not
• tetapi → tapi = informal but

The meaning stays the same, but it sounds more conversational.