Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir.

In the rainy season, some roads near my house flood.

Breakdown of Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir.

• rumah: the house
• di: in
• dekat: near
• musim hujan: the rainy season
• saya: my
• jalan: the road
• beberapa: some
• banjir: to flood

Questions & Answers about Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir.

Why does the sentence start with Di musim hujan? Could I put it in the middle or at the end?

Yes, you can move Di musim hujan. Indonesian word order is flexible, especially for time expressions.

All of these are grammatical and natural:

• Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir.
• Beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir di musim hujan.
• Beberapa jalan di musim hujan dekat rumah saya banjir. (less common, slightly awkward)

Putting the time expression at the beginning (as in the original) is very common and sounds natural, similar to English “In the rainy season, …”. It sets the time frame first, then gives the statement.

What exactly does di mean in di musim hujan? Why not pada musim hujan?

Di is a preposition usually meaning “in/at/on (a place)”, but in everyday speech it’s also used with times, especially longer periods like musim hujan (rainy season).

• Di musim hujan – very common in speech and writing.
• Pada musim hujan – slightly more formal / textbook-like, also correct.

So:

• di musim hujan ≈ pada musim hujan = “in the rainy season / during the rainy season”

You can use either here; most native speakers won’t feel a big difference in this sentence.

What does musim hujan literally mean, and is it one word or two?

Literally:

• musim = season
• hujan = rain

Together, musim hujan = rainy season (the wet/monsoon season).

Grammatically, it’s a noun phrase: musim (head noun) + hujan (modifier). In writing it’s two words; Indonesian often forms fixed expressions with two-word noun phrases like:

• musim kemarau – dry season
• rumah sakit – hospital (literally “sick house”)
• minyak goreng – cooking oil

So musim hujan behaves like a single concept, but it’s written as two words.

What does beberapa mean in beberapa jalan? Is it like plural?

Beberapa means “some” / “several”.

Indonesian doesn’t mark plural with -s like English. Plurality is usually expressed by:

• context
• words like beberapa (some/several), banyak (many), semua (all)
• or by reduplication (e.g. orang-orang)

So:

• jalan = road (no explicit plural)
• beberapa jalan = some roads / several roads

Because beberapa already shows there is more than one, you don’t need jalan-jalan here.

Could I say beberapa jalan-jalan to mean “several roads”?

No, you generally wouldn’t.

• jalan-jalan usually means “to go for a walk / stroll / travel around” (a verb-like expression), not the plural of jalan.

Examples:

• Saya suka jalan-jalan di akhir pekan. – I like going for walks on weekends.

For “several roads”, keep it as:

• beberapa jalan

If you really wanted to emphasize plural in a neutral way (without beberapa), you could say jalan-jalan for “roads”, but in this sentence beberapa jalan is the normal and clearest form.

Why is it dekat rumah saya and not di dekat rumah saya?

Both are possible:

• beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya
• beberapa jalan di dekat rumah saya

The difference is subtle:

1. dekat as a kind of adjective:

   • jalan dekat rumah saya ≈ “roads near my house” (literally “roads near my house”)
     Here dekat behaves like “near” used as a descriptive word.

2. di dekat as a preposition phrase:

   • jalan di dekat rumah saya ≈ “roads that are near my house / roads located near my house”
     Here di dekat is clearly “in the area near”.

Both are natural. dekat rumah saya is shorter and very common in speech. di dekat rumah saya can sound a bit more explicit about location.

Could I say yang dekat rumah saya instead of just dekat rumah saya?

Yes:

• beberapa jalan yang dekat rumah saya – also correct.

yang introduces a relative clause, like “that/which” in English:

• jalan yang dekat rumah saya – roads that are near my house

Nuance:

• beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya – short, descriptive, very common.
• beberapa jalan yang dekat rumah saya – slightly more explicit/structured, common in more careful speech or writing.

Meaning-wise they are very close in this context.

Why is it rumah saya and not saya rumah?

In Indonesian noun phrases, the possessor comes after the noun:

• rumah saya = my house
• teman saya = my friend
• mobil dia = his/her car

So the pattern is: NOUN + pronoun.

Saya rumah would be ungrammatical here; saya can be a subject or predicate (I / me / am), but it does not come before the noun to show possession the way English “my house” does.

Could I use rumahku instead of rumah saya?

Yes, but it changes the tone/register.

• rumah saya – neutral, polite, standard Indonesian.
• rumahku – more informal, personal, or literary. The suffix -ku means “my”.

So:

• Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumahku banjir. – sounds informal/friendly, or like written storytelling.

For most learners, rumah saya is the safe default, especially in polite or neutral situations.

What part of speech is banjir here? Noun, verb, or adjective?

In this sentence, banjir works as a predicate meaning “(are) flooded”.

Indonesian is flexible: many roots can function as noun, verb, or adjective depending on position:

• As a noun: Ada banjir di kota ini. – There is a flood in this city.
• As a predicate (stative verb/adjectival): Jalan itu banjir. – That road is flooded.

In beberapa jalan … banjir, banjir is the predicate describing the subject beberapa jalan, so it corresponds to “(are) flooded” in English.

There is no separate word for “are” (no to be) in Indonesian, so the structure is simply:

• [Subject] + [Predicate]
• beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya = subject
• banjir = predicate

Why is there no word like “are” (no adalah or itu) before banjir?

Indonesian usually does not use a linking verb like “to be” between the subject and an adjective/noun predicate.

English:

• “The roads are flooded.”

Indonesian:

• Jalan-jalan itu banjir. – literally “The roads flooded.”

You only add adalah in more formal contexts, typically before a noun phrase, not here:

• Dia adalah dokter. – He/She is a doctor.
• But: Dia tinggi. – He/She is tall (no adalah).

So beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir is the normal, correct pattern.

How do we know if this means “are usually flooded in the rainy season” versus “get flooded (once) in the rainy season”? There’s no tense marker.

Indonesian does not mark tense the way English does. Time and aspect come from:

• Time expressions: di musim hujan (in the rainy season)
• Context
• Optional adverbs like sering (often), selalu (always), kadang-kadang (sometimes), akan (will), sudah (already), sedang (in the middle of), etc.

The bare sentence:

• Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir.

typically implies a habitual situation: every rainy season, those roads (tend to) get flooded.

If you want to be explicit:

• Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya sering banjir.
  – In the rainy season, some roads near my house often get flooded.

For a one-time event in the past, you’d add a past-time expression:

• Kemarin waktu musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya banjir.
  – Yesterday during the rainy season, some roads near my house were flooded.

Are there other ways to say “get flooded” instead of banjir at the end?

Yes, a couple of common alternatives:

1. kebanjiran – often means “to be hit by a flood / to get flooded (inconveniently)”

   • Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya sering kebanjiran.
     This emphasizes the event of flooding and often the negative impact.

2. tergenang air – literally “ponded/covered with water”

   • Di musim hujan, beberapa jalan dekat rumah saya tergenang air.
     Slightly more formal/descriptive.

In the original sentence, plain banjir is natural, simple, and very common in everyday speech.