Learn Hardcore Indonesian: Kaus kakiku masih basah karena kena hujan di tangga. - My socks are still wet because of the rain on the stairs.

kaus kaki means socks (literally “foot shirt”). -ku is the enclitic for “my,” and in Indonesian it attaches to the last word of the noun phrase. So with the compound kaus kaki, you get kaus kakiku = “my socks.” It’s equivalent to kaus kaki saya (more neutral). Avoid writing kaki ku with a space.

Is it kaus kaki or kaos kaki?

Both are widely used and accepted. kaus kaki is the dictionary form; kaos kaki is extremely common in everyday writing and speech. They mean the same thing.

Is kaus kakiku singular or plural?

Indonesian doesn’t mark plural on nouns, so kaus kakiku can mean “my sock” or “my socks.” Context usually clarifies. To be explicit:

sepasang kaus kaki = a pair of socks
dua pasang kaus kaki = two pairs of socks
satu kaus kaki = one sock

Why use masih before basah? Could I say belum kering instead?

masih basah = “still wet” (emphasizes the continuing state).
belum kering = “not yet dry” (emphasizes it hasn’t reached dryness).
Both are natural; choose based on the nuance you want.

Can I use sedang with basah (e.g., sedang basah)?

Generally no. sedang marks ongoing actions, not states. basah is a state, so masih basah (still wet) or baru basah (just got wet) are idiomatic; sedang basah sounds odd unless you’re describing a process (e.g., “is being wetted”).

What’s the difference among kena hujan, terkena hujan, and kehujanan?

kena hujan: everyday, neutral-colloquial “got rained on / was hit by rain.”
terkena hujan: more formal or careful; same meaning.
kehujanan: “to get caught in the rain” (usually unintentional). Often used for people but can be used for things: Bajunya kehujanan.

There’s no explicit subject in karena kena hujan. Is that okay?

Yes. The subject (kaus kakiku) is understood from the main clause. Indonesian often drops repeated subjects. You could make it explicit: Kaus kakiku masih basah karena (kaus kakiku) kena hujan di tangga, but that’s redundant.

What does kena contribute here? Is it passive?

kena means “to get/receive/be affected by.” It often implies an unintentional or adverse effect:

kena hujan (got rained on)
kena denda (got fined)
kena macet (got stuck in traffic) It functions like a passive/resultative without needing a separate passive marker.

Does di tangga mean “on the stairs” or “on a ladder”?

It can mean either “on the stairs/staircase” or “on a ladder,” depending on context. If you need to specify:

di tangga rumah = on the house stairs
di tangga lipat = on a folding ladder
di anak tangga = on a (particular) step

What does di do here, and how is it different from ke?

di marks location (“at/on/in”): di tangga = on the stairs.
ke marks destination (“to/towards”): ke tangga = to the stairs.

Does di tangga modify “wet” or “got rained on”?

In … karena kena hujan di tangga, di tangga most naturally modifies kena hujan (“got rained on on the stairs”). If you say Kaus kakiku di tangga masih basah, it means “My socks on the stairs are still wet,” contrasting them with socks elsewhere.

Can I start the sentence with Karena?

Yes: Karena kena hujan di tangga, kaus kakiku masih basah. When the karena clause comes first, use a comma before the main clause.

How formal is -ku compared to saya?

kaus kakiku: neutral-to-informal in everyday speech; also common in writing/literary style.
kaus kaki saya: neutral and polite, safe in most contexts.
kaus kakimu / kaus kakinya use -mu / -nya similarly for “your” / “his/her.”

Could I intensify basah?

Yes:

basah kuyup = soaking wet
masih agak basah = still a bit wet
lembap = damp (less wet than basah)

Is there any difference between sebab and karena here?

Both mean “because.” karena is more common in conversation; sebab can feel a bit more formal or bookish. Your sentence with sebab is still correct: … masih basah sebab kena hujan di tangga.