Þessi tími hentar mér betur en klukkan átta á morgun.

It means this time, but in natural English it often means this time slot or this appointment time.

In this sentence, tími is not talking about time in a broad abstract sense. It means a specific proposed time for something, such as a meeting, lesson, or appointment.

So Þessi tími is basically this time (that we’re talking about now).

Because tími is a masculine noun.

In Icelandic, words like this must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

• tími = masculine singular
• nominative singular masculine form of this = þessi

So:

• þessi tími = this time

If the noun were neuter, you would often see þetta instead.

Hentar is the present tense of henta, which means:

• to suit
• to be convenient for
• to work well for

So:

• Þessi tími hentar mér = This time suits me / works for me

Grammatically, Þessi tími is the thing that is suitable, and mér is the person it suits.

Because henta takes the dative case for the person affected.

So Icelandic says:

• Þetta hentar mér = This suits me
• literally something like This is suitable for me

The forms are:

• ég = I
• mig = me (accusative)
• mér = me (dative)

After henta, you use mér.

This is a very common thing to watch for in Icelandic: many verbs require a case that does not match what English learners expect.

Because betur is an adverb, while betri is an adjective.

Here, betur modifies the verb hentar:

• hentar betur = suits better / works better

It is not describing tími as a noun. It is describing how well the time suits the speaker.

Compare:

• betri tími = a better time
• hentar betur = suits better

So the sentence needs betur.

Here en means than.

It introduces the second part of the comparison:

• Þessi tími hentar mér betur en klukkan átta á morgun.
• This time suits me better than eight o’clock tomorrow.

A fuller version of the idea would be something like:

• Þessi tími hentar mér betur en klukkan átta á morgun hentar mér.

But Icelandic, like English, usually leaves out the repeated part because it is obvious.

Klukkan átta is the normal way to say at eight o’clock.

Literally, klukkan means the clock, but in this expression it functions as part of a time phrase.

So:

• klukkan átta = at eight
• klukkan þrjú = at three
• klukkan tíu = at ten

English uses the preposition at, but Icelandic often uses this fixed time expression instead.

Á morgun means tomorrow.

So:

• klukkan átta á morgun = at eight tomorrow

In natural English, people may sometimes translate that as at eight tomorrow morning if the context makes it clear that eight means 8 a.m. But the Icelandic words themselves just say tomorrow, not explicitly morning.

The speaker is comparing two possible times:

• þessi tími = this time
• klukkan átta á morgun = eight o’clock tomorrow

So the meaning is:

• This time works better for me than eight o’clock tomorrow does.

The comparison is not between time in general and the clock. It is between one proposed time and another proposed time.

Yes. Icelandic word order is somewhat flexible, but the finite verb usually stays in the second position in main clauses.

Your sentence starts with the subject:

• Þessi tími hentar mér betur en klukkan átta á morgun.

A very natural alternative is:

• Mér hentar þessi tími betur en klukkan átta á morgun.

Both are possible, but they place emphasis a little differently.

• Starting with Þessi tími highlights this time
• Starting with Mér highlights for me

That kind of variation is very common in Icelandic.