Áður en fundargerðin var send, bað stjórinn mig að bæta við tveimur lykilatriðum í drögin.

Áður en means before and introduces a time clause.

So:

• Áður en fundargerðin var send = Before the minutes/report were sent

A useful pattern is:

• áður en + clause = before + clause

Examples:

• Áður en ég fór = Before I left
• Áður en við byrjum = Before we begin

In your sentence, it sets the time background for the main action.

This is because Icelandic normally follows the V2 rule in main clauses: the finite verb comes in the second position.

Here, the whole time clause is placed first:

• Áður en fundargerðin var send = first element

So the finite verb of the main clause must come next:

• bað = second position
• then stjórinn

That is why Icelandic says:

• Áður en fundargerðin var send, bað stjórinn mig...

rather than:

• Áður en fundargerðin var send, stjórinn bað mig...

This is very normal Icelandic word order.

Fundargerðin is the definite form of fundargerð, which means minutes, meeting record, or report of a meeting.

Breakdown:

• fundargerð = meeting minutes / meeting report
• fundargerðin = the minutes / the meeting report

The ending -in is the suffixed definite article, which is very common in Icelandic. Instead of a separate word like English the, Icelandic often adds the article to the noun itself.

Also, fundargerð is a feminine singular noun, even though English often uses the plural word minutes.

Var send is the past passive:

• var = was
• send = sent

So:

• fundargerðin var send = the minutes/report was/were sent

The form send agrees with fundargerðin in gender and number. Since fundargerðin is feminine singular, the participle appears as send.

Compare:

• Bréfið var sent = The letter was sent
  (bréf is neuter, so sent)
• Fundargerðin var send = The minutes were sent
  (fundargerð is feminine, so send)

Bað is the past tense of biðja, which means to ask or to request.

In this sentence, the pattern is:

• biðja einhvern að + infinitive
• to ask someone to do something

So:

• bað stjórinn mig að bæta við...
• the manager asked me to add...

Important forms:

• biðja = to ask
• bið = I ask
• bað = asked

This is an irregular verb, so the past tense does not look very predictable.

Because mig is the accusative form of ég.

With biðja in this meaning, the person being asked is put in the accusative:

• biðja einhvern að gera eitthvað
• to ask someone to do something

So:

• ég = I
• mig = me

That is why Icelandic says:

• bað stjórinn mig
• the manager asked me

not:

• bað stjórinn ég

Að bæta við means to add.

Literally, bæta can mean improve or make better, but with við it often means add:

• bæta við einhverju = add something

In your sentence:

• að bæta við tveimur lykilatriðum
• to add two key points

This is a very common Icelandic verb combination, so it is worth learning as a unit:

• bæta við = add
• bæta úr = improve / remedy
• bæta by itself can have related meanings depending on context

Because bæta við takes the thing being added in the dative.

So the phrase must be in the dative plural:

• tveimur = dative form of two
• lykilatriðum = dative plural of lykilatriði (key point)

Base form:

• lykilatriði = key point

Here:

• við tveimur lykilatriðum = with/by adding two key points

This is one of those places where Icelandic case really matters. A learner might expect something more like a direct object, but with bæta við, the added item is dative.

Because í can take either:

• accusative for movement/change into something
• dative for location in something

Here the idea is adding something into the draft, so Icelandic uses the accusative:

• í drögin

If it were just describing being located in the draft, you would expect dative instead.

Also, drög is a bit special:

• it is usually a plural-only noun
• it means draft / drafts

So even when English says the draft in the singular, Icelandic often says drögin, literally something like the drafts.

Drögin is the definite form of drög, meaning the draft or the draft version.

A very important point is that drög is commonly used as a plural form in Icelandic, even when English would naturally use a singular noun.

So:

• drög = draft / drafts
• drögin = the draft

In this sentence:

• í drögin = into the draft

This is a good example of how Icelandic and English do not always match one-to-one in number.

Stjórinn means the manager, the boss, or sometimes the director, depending on context.

It comes from:

• stjóri = manager / boss / director
• stjórinn = the manager / the boss

Again, the -inn ending is the suffixed definite article.

So:

• stjórinn bað mig... = the manager asked me...

The exact English choice depends on context:

• in an office: manager
• in a casual workplace: boss
• in some formal contexts: director