Breakdown of A barátnőmnek fáj a feje, ezért inkább otthon marad.
Questions & Answers about A barátnőmnek fáj a feje, ezért inkább otthon marad.
Because Hungarian often marks the person who has something (or who is affected) with the dative case: -nak/-nek = to/for.
In this type of sentence (X-nek fáj Y-a), the “owner/experiencer” is put in the dative:
- A barátnőmnek = to my girlfriend / my girlfriend (as the experiencer)
So it’s not exactly “to” in an English sense here; it’s a Hungarian pattern for feelings/ailments.
Hungarian attaches possession to the noun with a suffix:
- barátnő = girlfriend (female friend)
- barátnőm = my girlfriend (the -m marks 1st person singular possessor)
Then the dative ending is added: - barátnőm + -nek → barátnőmnek
Because of vowel harmony. Rough rule:
- Back vowels → -nak
- Front vowels → -nek
barátnő contains the front vowel ő, so it takes -nek: barátnőmnek.