אני מזכירה לעצמי לא להיעלב מכל הערה קטנה.

Because מזכירה is the feminine singular present-tense form.

In Hebrew present tense, the verb agrees with the subject in gender and number:

• אני מזכירה = said by a woman
• אני מזכיר = said by a man

So if a male speaker said the same sentence, it would be:

אני מזכיר לעצמי לא להיעלב מכל הערה קטנה.

לעצמי means to myself.

It is made of:

• ל־ = to
• עצמי = myself

So:

• אני מזכירה לעצמי = I remind myself

This is a reflexive idea: the speaker is doing the reminding, and the speaker is also the one being reminded.

A few related forms:

• לעצמך = to yourself
• לעצמו = to himself
• לעצמה = to herself
• לעצמנו = to ourselves

Because להזכיר usually needs an object: you remind someone of something.

Compare:

• אני מזכירה לעצמי = I remind myself
• אני מזכירה לך = I remind you
• אני מזכירה להם = I remind them

If you only say אני מזכירה, it sounds incomplete unless the object is understood from context.

Because Hebrew uses לא + infinitive to say not to do something.

So:

• להיעלב = to get offended / to be offended
• לא להיעלב = not to get offended

This works very much like English:

• I remind myself not to get offended

Structure:

• אני מזכירה לעצמי
  • לא להיעלב

No. They are related, but they are not the same.

• להעליב = to insult / to offend someone
• להיעלב = to get offended / to feel insulted

So:

• הוא העליב אותי = He insulted me
• נעלבתי = I got offended / I was offended

In your sentence, להיעלב is the one that fits because the speaker is talking about their own reaction.

להיעלב is in the Nifal binyan.

Nifal often gives meanings like:

• passive
• reflexive-ish
• becoming a certain way

Here the contrast is useful:

• להעליב = to insult someone
• להיעלב = to become offended / be offended

Its present-tense forms are:

• נעלב = masculine singular
• נעלבת = feminine singular
• נעלבים = masculine/mixed plural
• נעלבות = feminine plural

So a woman could say:

• אני נעלבת בקלות = I get offended easily

מכל is מ־ + כל:

• מ־ = from / by / because of
• כל = every / all

So מכל הערה קטנה literally means something like:

• from every small remark

In natural English, depending on context, that often becomes:

• by every little comment
• at every little remark
• because of every small comment

Hebrew often uses מ־ in places where English might choose a different preposition.

Because in Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun.

So:

• הערה קטנה = a small remark
• ילד קטן = a small boy
• מכונית גדולה = a big car

Also, the adjective must agree with the noun in gender and number:

• הערה is feminine singular
• so the adjective is קטנה, also feminine singular

If it were masculine, you would get:

• ספר קטן = a small book

Because the phrase is indefinite: every small remark, not every specific small remark.

With כל, Hebrew often uses an indefinite singular noun:

• כל יום = every day
• כל ילד = every child
• מכל הערה קטנה = from every little remark

If the noun were definite, the meaning would change and would usually sound less natural here.

הערה can mean several things, including:

• remark
• comment
• note
• observation

In this sentence, it most naturally means remark or comment, especially something someone says that might offend the speaker.

So here it is not likely a physical written note. It is more like a verbal or conversational comment.

It can sometimes be omitted, but אני is very natural here.

Hebrew often drops subject pronouns less freely in the present tense than in some other languages, because present-tense forms do not clearly mark person the way past and future often do.

So:

• אני מזכירה לעצמי... = very natural
• מזכירה לעצמי... = possible in the right context, but less neutral on its own

Including אני makes the sentence clear and complete.

It can be either, depending on context.

Hebrew present tense can express:

• a general habit
• a repeated action
• something happening now

So אני מזכירה לעצמי לא להיעלב מכל הערה קטנה could mean:

• I remind myself not to get offended by every little comment as a general practice
• or I’m reminding myself right now not to get offended...

The context tells you which one is meant.

Yes, but the nuance is a little different.

• להיעלב = to get offended, to take offense
• להיפגע = to get hurt, to be hurt, emotionally or otherwise

So:

• לא להיעלב focuses more on taking offense
• לא להיפגע focuses more on being emotionally hurt

In this sentence, לא להיעלב is very fitting because the idea is reacting too strongly to little remarks.