השנה אני רוצה לחסוך יותר כסף, כי אני לא מרוויחה הרבה.

Here השנה means this year.

That is very common in Hebrew with time expressions:

• היום = today
• השבוע = this week
• החודש = this month
• השנה = this year

So although השנה is literally the year, in context it functions like an adverb of time: this year.

Because of מרוויחה.

In the present tense, Hebrew verbs agree with gender and number.
מרוויחה is feminine singular: I earn / am earning when the speaker is female.

Also, רוצה in unpointed Hebrew spelling can be either:

• masculine singular: rotze
• feminine singular: rotza

So by itself אני רוצה could be either I want (male speaker) or I want (female speaker).
The word מרוויחה later in the sentence tells you clearly that this speaker is female.

If the speaker were male, the sentence would be: השנה אני רוצה לחסוך יותר כסף, כי אני לא מרוויח הרבה.

Hebrew often repeats the subject in a new clause, especially when the clause begins with כי (because).

So:

• אני רוצה... = I want...
• כי אני לא מרוויחה... = because I don’t earn...

In English, this repetition also sounds normal:
This year I want to save more money, because I don’t earn much.

Also, in Hebrew present tense, the verb usually does not show person clearly by itself, so subject pronouns like אני are often helpful or necessary.

Because the main verb is want, and that is a present-time state: I want.

The structure is:

• אני רוצה = I want
• לחסוך = to save

So Hebrew is saying: This year I want to save more money.

If you wanted a straight future statement like This year I will save more money, you would use a future-tense verb instead, for example: השנה אחסוך יותר כסף.

But that means something slightly different from I want to save.

The ל־ marks the infinitive, like English to in to save.

So:

• לחסוך = to save

This is very common in Hebrew:

• לאכול = to eat
• ללמוד = to study
• לעבוד = to work
• לחסוך = to save

After verbs like רוצה (want), Hebrew usually uses the infinitive:

• אני רוצה לחסוך = I want to save

יותר means more.

So:

• יותר כסף = more money

It comes before the noun, just like English more money.

Examples:

• אני רוצה יותר זמן = I want more time
• יש לי יותר עבודה = I have more work
• היא קונה יותר אוכל = She buys more food

In your sentence: לחסוך יותר כסף = to save more money

Because the sentence is talking about money in a general, indefinite sense, not about specific money.

• יותר כסף = more money
• הכסף = the money / a specific known sum of money

Here the meaning is general: the speaker wants to save a greater amount of money overall. So כסף is indefinite.

You would use הכסף only if you meant some specific money already known in context.

Hebrew does not use an auxiliary like English do for ordinary negation.

So:

• אני מרוויחה = I earn
• אני לא מרוויחה = I do not earn / I don’t earn

The word לא simply goes before the verb.

This is true in many tenses:

• אני לא רוצה = I don’t want
• היא לא עובדת = She doesn’t work
• אנחנו לא לומדים = We are not studying / We don’t study

Because הרבה can function as an adverb meaning a lot or much.

In this sentence:

• אני לא מרוויחה הרבה = I don’t earn much / I don’t earn a lot

When הרבה comes after a verb, it often describes the amount or extent of the action:

• הוא עובד הרבה = He works a lot
• אנחנו נוסעים הרבה = We travel a lot
• היא לא אוכלת הרבה = She doesn’t eat much

So here it modifies מרוויחה: the speaker does not earn much.

Yes, absolutely.

Both are natural:

• אני לא מרוויחה הרבה = I don’t earn much
• אני לא מרוויחה הרבה כסף = I don’t earn much money

The version without כסף is slightly more compact, because the idea of money is already obvious from מרוויחה (earn).

כי means because.

It introduces the reason:

• השנה אני רוצה לחסוך יותר כסף = This year I want to save more money
• כי אני לא מרוויחה הרבה = because I don’t earn much

So the whole sentence explains both the goal and the reason for it.

Yes. It is very natural.

The basic order is:

• השנה = time expression
• אני רוצה = subject + verb
• לחסוך יותר כסף = infinitive phrase
• כי אני לא מרוויחה הרבה = reason clause

Hebrew often puts a time word at the beginning for emphasis or context:

• היום אני עובד = Today I’m working
• השנה אני רוצה לחסוך יותר כסף = This year I want to save more money

So the sentence sounds completely normal.

A man would say:

השנה אני רוצה לחסוך יותר כסף, כי אני לא מרוויח הרבה.

The differences are:

• רוצה is still written the same without vowel marks, but pronounced rotze for a male speaker
• מרוויח is masculine singular instead of feminine מרוויחה

So:

• female: אני רוצה... אני לא מרוויחה...
• male: אני רוצה... אני לא מרוויח...

A common pronunciation would be:

ha-shana ani rotsa lakhsokh yoter kesef, ki ani lo marvikha harbe

If the speaker is male, then: ha-shana ani rotse lakhsokh yoter kesef, ki ani lo marviakh harbe

A few pronunciation notes:

• השנה = ha-shana
• לחסוך = lakhsokh or lachsokh, depending on how you represent ח
• מרוויחה = marvikha / marviha
• הרבה = harbe

The exact pronunciation of ח can vary depending on accent and how carefully someone is speaking.

Yes.

If you say: אני רוצה לחסוך יותר כסף, כי אני לא מרוויחה הרבה. it means: I want to save more money, because I don’t earn much.

Adding השנה makes it more specific: This year I want to save more money...

So השנה sets the time frame, but the rest of the sentence works fine without it.