Breakdown of זאת לא בדיחה; היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי.
Questions & Answers about זאת לא בדיחה; היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי.
Why does the sentence start with זאת? Why not זה?
זאת means this and is the feminine form. Here it matches בדיחה (joke), which is a feminine noun.
So:
- זאת לא בדיחה = This is not a joke
- Literally: This-feminine not joke-feminine
In everyday Hebrew, you may also hear זו לא בדיחה, which means the same thing.
זה לא בדיחה is also heard in casual speech, but זאת/זו is the more grammatically matching form here.
Why is there no word for is in זאת לא בדיחה?
In present-tense Hebrew, sentences like X is Y usually do not use a verb meaning is.
So Hebrew says:
- זאת לא בדיחה
- literally: This not a joke
but in natural English we translate it as:
- This is not a joke
This is very common in Hebrew. Compare:
- היא מורה = She is a teacher
- היום קר = Today is cold
In past or future, Hebrew does use forms of to be, but not usually in the present.
How does לא work in this sentence?
לא is the standard word for not when negating statements.
Here it negates בדיחה:
- זאת לא בדיחה = This is not a joke
And in general:
- היא לא באה = She is not coming
- אני לא יודע = I do not know
A useful basic rule:
- לא = not / do not / does not / is not, depending on context
Hebrew does not need different words like English does.
Why is היא included? Doesn’t שונאת already show that the subject is feminine singular?
Yes — שונאת already tells you the subject is feminine singular in the present tense, so היא is not always strictly necessary.
You could say:
- היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי
- or simply באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי if the subject is already clear from context
But Hebrew often includes the pronoun for clarity, emphasis, or natural flow.
So היא here helps make the sentence explicit: she really hates...
How do I know שונאת means hates?
שונאת is the present-tense feminine singular form of the verb לשנוא = to hate.
The forms are:
- שונא = masculine singular
- שונאת = feminine singular
- שונאים = masculine plural / mixed plural
- שונאות = feminine plural
Since the subject is היא (she), the correct form is שונאת.
So:
- היא שונאת = she hates
Why do we say שונאת לקום? What does the ל־ in לקום mean?
לקום is the infinitive form of the verb קום / לקום, meaning to get up or to wake up and rise.
The prefix ל־ often marks the infinitive in Hebrew, so it usually corresponds to English to:
- לקום = to get up
- ללכת = to go
- לאכול = to eat
After verbs like love, hate, want, begin, Hebrew commonly uses an infinitive:
- היא שונאת לקום = She hates getting up / hates to get up
So שונאת לקום is a very natural structure.
Does לקום mean to get up or to wake up?
Usually לקום means to get up / rise — the physical act of getting out of bed or standing up.
If you specifically want to wake up, Hebrew often uses להתעורר.
So:
- לקום מוקדם = to get up early
- להתעורר מוקדם = to wake up early
In everyday speech, though, the ideas can overlap, especially in morning routines.
Why is מוקדם used here? Is it an adjective or an adverb?
מוקדם literally means early. In this sentence it works adverbially, describing when/how she gets up:
- לקום מוקדם = to get up early
Hebrew often uses adjective forms in places where English uses adverbs.
So even though English distinguishes between adjective and adverb in many cases, Hebrew often just uses a form like מוקדם.
Compare:
- הוא הגיע מוקדם = He arrived early
- היא קמה מוקדם = She got up early
Why is it ביום שישי? What does that literally mean?
ביום שישי literally means on day six.
Breakdown:
- ב־ = on / in
- יום = day
- שישי = sixth
So יום שישי is the Hebrew name for Friday.
Hebrew weekdays are often built this way:
- יום ראשון = Sunday, literally first day
- יום שני = Monday, literally second day
- ...
- יום שישי = Friday, literally sixth day
So:
- ביום שישי = on Friday
Does ביום שישי mean on Friday or on Fridays?
It can mean either one, depending on context.
In this sentence, because of she really hates getting up early, it sounds most naturally like a habitual meaning:
- She really hates getting up early on Fridays
But Hebrew often uses the singular form for this kind of general repeated action.
If you wanted to make it very clearly habitual, context usually does the job.
If you wanted to make it very clearly this Friday, you could say something like:
- ביום שישי הזה = this Friday
What does באמת add to the sentence?
באמת means really, truly, or actually, depending on context.
Here it adds emphasis:
- היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי
- She really hates getting up early on Friday / on Fridays
Without באמת, the sentence is still complete:
- היא שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי = She hates getting up early on Friday
With באמת, the speaker is stressing that this is genuine, not exaggerated.
Could the word order be different?
Yes. Hebrew word order is fairly flexible, especially with adverbs like באמת.
For example, these can all be natural depending on emphasis:
- היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי
- היא שונאת באמת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי
- באמת היא שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי
The version in your sentence is very natural and neutral.
Putting באמת earlier often sounds smoother when you want to emphasize really.
Why is there a semicolon in the middle?
The semicolon separates two closely related statements:
- זאת לא בדיחה
- היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי
It gives a stronger break than a comma, but less final than a period.
In English and Hebrew alike, punctuation here can vary. You might also see:
- זאת לא בדיחה. היא באמת שונאת לקום מוקדם ביום שישי.
The meaning stays the same. The semicolon just links the two ideas neatly.
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