בשבוע שעבר הלכתי למוזיאון עם אחותי.

Literally, בשבוע שעבר is something like in the week that passed. In natural English, that comes out as last week.

The prefix ב־ often means in, on, or during, and Hebrew commonly uses it in time expressions. So even though English just says last week, Hebrew often says the equivalent of during last week.

Hebrew usually puts descriptive words or phrases after the noun, not before it.

So instead of saying past week, Hebrew says week passed or more literally the week that passed. This same pattern shows up in other time expressions too, such as בשנה שעברה = last year.

Because הלכתי already includes the meaning I went.

In Hebrew past tense, the verb ending tells you the subject. The ending ־תי means I, so הלכתי by itself is enough. You can say אני הלכתי, but that usually adds emphasis, like I went.

הלכתי is the past tense form meaning I went.

It comes from the verb הלך, and the ending ־תי marks first person singular. One important point: this form does not tell you whether the speaker is male or female. Both a man and a woman would say הלכתי.

Also, depending on context, הלך can sometimes feel closer to walked, but in a sentence like this, went is the natural meaning.

Because Hebrew prepositions like ל־ = to attach directly to the following word.

So למוזיאון is literally to-museum as one written unit. This is very normal in Hebrew. You will see the same thing with other short prepositions too, such as בבית = in a house / in the house and מהעיר = from the city.

In unpointed Hebrew spelling, you often know from context, not from the letters alone.

למוזיאון can represent:

• le-muze'on = to a museum
• la-muze'on = to the museum

When Hebrew is written without vowel marks, both look the same. So you rely on context or on the translation already provided.

Because Hebrew often expresses possession by attaching a suffix directly to the noun.

• אחות = sister
• ־י = my

So אחותי literally means sister-my, which is how Hebrew says my sister. This is a very common pattern.

עם is the normal Hebrew word for with before a noun.

So:

• עם אחותי = with my sister

That part is quite straightforward. Hebrew also has special with + pronoun forms like איתי = with me, but before a full noun, עם is the standard choice.

The word order is fairly flexible.

Starting with בשבוע שעבר puts the time first and sets the scene: Last week, I went... But Hebrew could also say:

הלכתי למוזיאון עם אחותי בשבוע שעבר

That would still be natural. The difference is mostly about emphasis and flow, not basic meaning.

A common pronunciation guide would be:

ba-shavua she'avar halachti la-muze'on im achoti

A few pronunciation notes:

• ח in הלכתי and אחותי is the throaty ch sound, like in Scottish loch or German Bach
• מוזיאון is pronounced roughly mu-ze-ON
• אחותי is roughly a-cho-TI

So the rhythm is something like:

ba-sha-VU-a she-a-VAR ha-LACH-ti la-mu-ze-ON im a-cho-TI