במטבח החדש יש כיור גדול, אבל הברז קטן מאוד.

The prefix ב־ means in / at.

So:

• מטבח = kitchen
• במטבח = in the kitchen

The reason it already means in the kitchen and not just in kitchen is that Hebrew often combines a preposition with ה־ (the).

So underlyingly this is:

• ב + המטבח → במטבח

In other words, the the is still there, but it has merged into the word.

In Hebrew, adjectives usually come after the noun they describe.

So:

• מטבח חדש = a new kitchen
• המטבח החדש = the new kitchen

This is the opposite of English, where adjectives usually come before the noun.

The same pattern appears later in the sentence:

• כיור גדול = a big sink
• הברז קטן = the faucet is small

When a noun phrase is definite in Hebrew, the adjective usually becomes definite too.

So Hebrew marks definiteness on both words:

• המטבח החדש = the new kitchen

Not:

• המטבח חדש for the new kitchen

Compare:

• מטבח חדש = a new kitchen
• המטבח החדש = the new kitchen

This is a very common Hebrew pattern:

• הבית הגדול = the big house
• הספר הישן = the old book

יש means there is or there are.

So:

• יש כיור גדול = there is a big sink

It is an existential word, used to say that something exists or is present somewhere.

A useful thing to know: יש does not change for singular vs. plural:

• יש כיור = there is a sink
• יש כיורים = there are sinks

Hebrew also uses יש in possession phrases:

• יש לי = I have

But in this sentence it simply means there is.

Hebrew usually does not have an indefinite article like English a / an.

So:

• כיור גדול = a big sink
• ברז קטן = a small faucet

If Hebrew wants to make something definite, it adds ה־:

• הכיור הגדול = the big sink
• הברז הקטן = the small faucet

So the absence of ה־ often gives the meaning a/an in English.

Because in the present tense, Hebrew usually does not use a separate word for is / are in sentences like this.

So:

• הברז קטן מאוד literally looks like the faucet very small
• but it means the faucet is very small

This is normal Hebrew.

So the sentence has two different structures:

1. Existence structure

   • יש כיור גדול
   • there is a big sink

2. Subject + adjective

   • הברז קטן מאוד
   • the faucet is very small

In past or future, Hebrew does use forms of to be, such as היה or יהיה.

Hebrew adjectives must agree with the noun in gender and number.

Here, these nouns are masculine singular:

• מטבח = kitchen
• כיור = sink
• ברז = faucet

So the adjectives are also masculine singular:

• חדש = new
• גדול = big
• קטן = small

If the noun were feminine singular, the adjective would usually look different:

• גדולה
• קטנה
• חדשה

For example:

• דלת חדשה = a new door

So the adjective form gives you grammar information about the noun.

In Hebrew, מאוד (very) usually comes after the adjective.

So:

• קטן מאוד = very small
• גדול מאוד = very big
• חדש מאוד = very new

This is different from English, where very comes before the adjective.

So Hebrew says:

• small very

but English says:

• very small

Because the sentence is treating them differently.

• יש כיור גדול introduces something as new information: there is a big sink
• הברז קטן מאוד refers to a specific faucet: the faucet is very small

This is very natural in Hebrew. After יש, Hebrew often introduces something indefinite, especially when mentioning it for the first time.

So the contrast is:

• כיור גדול = a big sink
• הברז = the faucet

The faucet is understood as a specific, known faucet in that kitchen.

Yes. Hebrew word order is somewhat flexible.

These are both natural:

• במטבח החדש יש כיור גדול
• יש כיור גדול במטבח החדש

The version in your sentence puts the location first:

• במטבח החדש = in the new kitchen

That gives a scene-setting feel, like:

• In the new kitchen, there is a big sink...

So the sentence starts by telling you where everything is, and then gives the information about the sink and faucet.

אבל means but.

It connects the two parts of the sentence and shows contrast:

• יש כיור גדול = there is a big sink
• אבל הברז קטן מאוד = but the faucet is very small

So the contrast is:

• the sink is big
• the faucet is very small

This kind of contrast with אבל is extremely common in Hebrew.