על השולחן יש כבר נרות, אבל אני רוצה להדליק עוד נר אחד.

Hebrew often puts a location first when setting the scene.
So על השולחן יש כבר נרות is literally something like:

On the table there are already candles.

This sounds natural in Hebrew. You could also rearrange parts of the sentence in some contexts, but starting with the location is very common when introducing what exists somewhere.

יש means there is / there are / exists.

In this sentence:

• יש כבר נרות = there are already candles

Hebrew uses the same word, יש, for both singular and plural:

• יש נר = there is a candle
• יש נרות = there are candles

So unlike English, Hebrew does not change the verb here from is to are.

השולחן means the table.

The prefix ה־ is the Hebrew definite article, equivalent to English the.

• שולחן = a table / table
• השולחן = the table

Since the sentence means on the table, Hebrew uses the definite form.

על usually means on, upon, or sometimes about, depending on context.

Here it clearly means on:

• על השולחן = on the table

It is a very common preposition in Hebrew.

In Hebrew, the verb to be is usually not used in the present tense the way it is in English.

Instead of saying something literally like On the table are already candles, Hebrew uses יש to express existence:

• על השולחן יש כבר נרות

This is the normal way to say There are already candles on the table.

כבר means already.

So:

• יש כבר נרות = there are already candles

Its placement is flexible, but where it appears here is very natural. It comes after יש and before נרות, emphasizing that candles are already present.

אבל means but.

It connects the two parts of the sentence:

• על השולחן יש כבר נרות = There are already candles on the table
• אבל אני רוצה... = but I want...

This is the standard everyday word for but.

Because רוצה is a normal present-tense verb form that agrees with the subject אני.

Here:

• אני רוצה = I want

The infinitive comes after that:

• להדליק = to light

So the structure is:

• אני רוצה להדליק = I want to light

This is very similar to English: I want + to do something.

להדליק means to light or to kindle.

The beginning ל־ is the preposition to, and in dictionary-style infinitives Hebrew usually has this ל־ prefix.

So:

• להדליק = to light
• אני רוצה להדליק = I want to light

This is the regular infinitive form you learn for Hebrew verbs.

Here עוד means another or one more.

So:

• עוד נר אחד = one more candle / another candle

Be aware that עוד can mean different things in different contexts, such as:

• more
• another
• still / yet

In this sentence, the meaning is clearly another / one more.

In Hebrew, numbers like one usually come after the noun.

So:

• נר אחד = one candle
• ילד אחד = one boy
• ספר אחד = one book

This is different from English, where one comes before the noun.

Yes, עוד נר would also be grammatical and natural, and it would usually mean another candle.

Adding אחד makes it a bit more explicit:

• עוד נר = another candle / one more candle
• עוד נר אחד = one more candle, specifically one

So אחד adds a slight sense of emphasis or precision, but it is not always required.

Because נר is a masculine noun.

In Hebrew, the word for one agrees in gender with the noun:

• masculine: אחד
• feminine: אחת

So:

• נר אחד = one candle
• if the noun were feminine, you would use אחת

Gender agreement is very important in Hebrew.

Great question. In Hebrew, noun gender and plural ending do not always match in the way learners expect.

• נר is masculine
• its plural is נרות

Even though ־ות is a very common feminine plural ending, some masculine nouns also take it. This is something you often just have to learn word by word.

So in this sentence:

• נרות = candles

And despite the ending, the singular noun נר is still masculine.

Sometimes yes, depending on tone and context.

Literally:

• אני רוצה = I want

But in natural English, I would like may sound more polite. In Hebrew, though, רוצה itself is not automatically especially polite or impolite—it is just the regular verb want.

So for learning the grammar, it is best to understand it as:

• אני רוצה = I want

Sometimes Hebrew does omit subject pronouns, especially in less formal or more conversational contexts, but with the present tense it is often clearer to keep them.

So:

• אני רוצה להדליק עוד נר אחד = clear and standard

Since present-tense Hebrew verb forms do not always identify the subject as clearly as past or future forms, keeping אני is very common and helpful.

Mostly yes. A word-by-word breakdown looks like this:

• על = on
• השולחן = the table
• יש = there is / there are
• כבר = already
• נרות = candles
• אבל = but
• אני = I
• רוצה = want
• להדליק = to light
• עוד = another / more
• נר = candle
• אחד = one

So the structure is quite learnable, even though the most natural English translation may reorder some parts.