Τα κουνούπια με τσιμπάνε όταν κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι το βράδυ.

Κουνούπι is a neuter noun meaning mosquito. Its plural is κουνούπια, and the nominative plural article for neuter nouns is τα.

So:

• το κουνούπι = the mosquito
• τα κουνούπια = the mosquitoes

Greek often uses the definite article in places where English may or may not use the. In this sentence, τα κουνούπια can sound natural even if English translates it simply as mosquitoes.

Με is the weak object pronoun meaning me. It is the normal form used before a verb:

• με τσιμπάνε = they bite me

Εμένα is the strong/emphatic form. You use it when you want extra emphasis or contrast:

• Εμένα με τσιμπάνε πολύ τα κουνούπια. = Mosquitoes bite me a lot.

So in a neutral sentence, με is the expected choice.

In Modern Greek, weak object pronouns usually come before a finite verb:

• με βλέπει = he sees me
• σε ξέρω = I know you
• μας παίρνουν = they pick us up

So με τσιμπάνε is the normal order.

A useful rule: object pronouns usually go before the verb, except in some cases such as positive commands, where they come after:

• Πες μου. = Tell me.

Τσιμπάνε is the 3rd person plural present form of τσιμπάω / τσιμπώ, meaning to bite, to sting, or to prick, depending on context.

Here it means:

• they bite
• with τα κουνούπια as the subject: the mosquitoes bite

So:

• με τσιμπάνε = they bite me

The subject does not need a separate word like they, because the verb ending already shows 3rd person plural.

It can mean both, depending on context.

In this sentence, the meaning is habitual or repeated, so in English it often feels closer to whenever:

• όταν κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι = when / whenever I sit on the balcony

Greek uses όταν very naturally for repeated situations like this.

Greek present tense often covers both:

• I sit
• I am sitting
• and sometimes I stay / hang out, depending on context

Κάθομαι literally means I sit / I am sitting, but in everyday Greek it can also describe being somewhere for a period of time.

So όταν κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι can mean:

• when I sit on the balcony
• when I’m sitting on the balcony
• when I’m out on the balcony

The exact English wording depends on the situation.

Στο is the contracted form of:

• σε + το = στο

So:

• στο μπαλκόνι = on the balcony

This contraction is standard and extremely common.

Similarly:

• σε + τη(ν) = στη(ν)
• σε + τα = στα
• σε + τους = στους

Also, μπαλκόνι is a neuter noun, so it takes το in the singular:

• το μπαλκόνι

Greek very often uses the article in time expressions like this:

• το πρωί = in the morning
• το μεσημέρι = at noon / in the midday
• το απόγευμα = in the afternoon
• το βράδυ = in the evening / at night

So το βράδυ is a normal adverbial expression meaning at night or in the evening, depending on context.

Using the article here is not unusual at all; it is simply how Greek commonly expresses time phrases.

No. Greek usually drops subject pronouns when they are not needed, because the verb ending already shows the person.

• κάθομαι already means I sit / I am sitting

So όταν κάθομαι already includes the idea of I.

You would add εγώ only for emphasis or contrast:

• Όταν εγώ κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι, τα κουνούπια με τσιμπάνε, αλλά εσένα όχι.
• When I sit on the balcony, mosquitoes bite me, but not you.

Yes. Greek word order is fairly flexible, although some orders sound more neutral than others.

The original sentence is a very natural neutral order:

• Τα κουνούπια με τσιμπάνε όταν κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι το βράδυ.

But you could also move things around for emphasis, for example:

• Όταν κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι το βράδυ, τα κουνούπια με τσιμπάνε.
• Με τσιμπάνε τα κουνούπια όταν κάθομαι στο μπαλκόνι το βράδυ.

These all mean basically the same thing, but the emphasis shifts a little. Greek often moves elements around to highlight what is most important or what comes first in the speaker’s mind.