Το βαμβακερό είναι πιο άνετο για τη δουλειά, αλλά το δερμάτινο μου πάει περισσότερο το βράδυ.

Because Greek is using the adjectives βαμβακερό and δερμάτινο as stand-alone noun phrases: the cotton one and the leather one.

This is very common in Greek. Instead of repeating the noun, Greek often says:

• το βαμβακερό = the cotton one
• το δερμάτινο = the leather one

So the article το is needed, just as English needs the one.

They are adjectives in form, but here they are being used substantively, meaning they function like nouns.

So grammatically they are still adjective forms, but in the sentence they mean something like:

• the cotton one
• the leather one

Greek does this a lot when the object is already clear from context.

They are neuter singular because the understood item is being treated as a neuter singular thing.

In context, the omitted noun might be something like:

• το πουκάμισο = the shirt
• το φόρεμα = the dress
• το παπούτσι = the shoe
• το σακάκι = the jacket

The adjective has to agree with the noun it refers to, so you get:

• βαμβακερό
• δερμάτινο
• άνετο

If the hidden noun were feminine or masculine, the forms would change.

Because the two comparatives are doing different jobs.

• πιο άνετο modifies an adjective: άνετο = comfortable
  So it means more comfortable.
• περισσότερο modifies the verb phrase μου πάει
  So it means it suits me more.

In other words:

• πιο is being used with an adjective
• περισσότερο is being used adverbially, with the verb

That is a very normal pattern in Greek.

Μου πάει is an idiomatic expression meaning it suits me, it looks good on me, or it works for me in terms of appearance or style.

Literally, it is something like:

• πάει = goes
• μου = to me

So word-for-word it looks like it goes to me, but in natural English the meaning is it suits me.

This expression is extremely common with clothes, colors, hairstyles, and styles in general.

Because μου is a weak object pronoun, and in standard Greek these pronouns usually come before a finite verb.

So Greek says:

• μου πάει
• σου πάει
• της πάει

not normally:

• πάει μου

This is just normal Greek clitic placement. English speakers often notice it because English pronouns do not work this way.

Yes, other expressions are possible, depending on nuance.

• μου πάει περισσότερο = it suits me more
• μου πάει πιο πολύ = it suits me more
• μου πάει καλύτερα = it suits me better

In this sentence, περισσότερο is a very natural way to say more with a verb.
In English, you might translate it more idiomatically as better, even though the Greek word itself is literally more.

Because για here means for, not to or at.

So:

• για τη δουλειά = for work / for the workplace / for the job

Greek uses για + accusative for this kind of purpose meaning:

• suitable for something
• intended for something

So πιο άνετο για τη δουλειά means it is more comfortable for work.

Both exist, but τη δουλειά is very common in modern everyday Greek.

The full form is την, but the final -ν is often dropped before many consonants in normal speech and writing. That is why you often see:

• τη δουλειά
• τη μέρα
• τη φορά

instead of:

• την δουλειά
• την μέρα
• την φορά

So τη δουλειά is not a different word; it is just the common shorter form.

Το βράδυ is a time expression meaning in the evening or at night.

Greek very often uses the article with parts of the day in this way:

• το πρωί = in the morning
• το μεσημέρι = at noon / midday
• το απόγευμα = in the afternoon
• το βράδυ = in the evening / at night

So the article is not strange here; it is just how Greek normally forms these time expressions.

Yes. The sentence sounds like the speaker is comparing two versions of the same kind of item, and that item is already understood from the conversation.

So it is basically saying:

• the cotton one ...
• the leather one ...

without repeating the noun.

That is why the sentence feels natural in Greek even though, by itself, it does not tell you exactly whether the person means a shirt, jacket, dress, shoes, and so on.

Because the sentence is making a contrast:

• one item is better for work
• the other is better for the evening

So αλλά = but is the natural connector. It shows that the second clause is not simply adding information; it is contrasting with the first.

Yes, Greek word order is fairly flexible, but the original order is natural and clear.

For example, το βράδυ could sometimes be moved earlier for emphasis. But in:

το δερμάτινο μου πάει περισσότερο το βράδυ

the sentence flows naturally as:

• topic: the leather one
• verb phrase: suits me more
• time phrase: in the evening

So while other orders are possible, this one is a very normal neutral choice.