Συγκρίνω αυτό το κείμενο με το παλιό και βλέπω πρόοδο.

Greek often leaves out subject pronouns when they are not needed. The verb ending already shows the subject.

• συγκρίνω = I compare
• βλέπω = I see

Because the ending -ω tells you the subject is I, adding εγώ would usually only be for emphasis, such as I compare it, not someone else.

This is normal Greek structure with demonstratives.

• αυτό = this
• το = the
• κείμενο = text

So Greek literally says something like this the text.
That is the regular pattern:

• αυτό το βιβλίο = this book
• εκείνο το σπίτι = that house

For an English speaker, the extra article may feel strange, but in Greek it is standard.

Because κείμενο is a neuter singular noun, and the demonstrative has to agree with it in gender, number, and case.

• ο κείμενος is not a word; the noun is το κείμενο
• so the noun is neuter
• therefore the demonstrative is αυτό

Also, in the neuter singular, the nominative and accusative forms are the same:

• αυτό το κείμενο can be nominative or accusative, depending on its role in the sentence

Here it is the direct object of συγκρίνω, so it is accusative, but the form stays αυτό.

It is in the accusative singular because it is the direct object of συγκρίνω.

However, many neuter nouns in Greek have the same form in the nominative and accusative singular:

• nominative: το κείμενο
• accusative: το κείμενο

So even though the case has changed grammatically, the form itself does not change.

Because Greek commonly expresses compare X with Y as:

• συγκρίνω X με Y

In this sentence:

• Συγκρίνω αυτό το κείμενο = I compare this text
• με το παλιό = with the old one / with the old text

So με is the normal preposition here, just like English with.

In Modern Greek, με takes the accusative case.

Here, το παλιό means the old one or more specifically the old text.

Greek often leaves out a noun if it is already understood from context. This is called using the adjective substantivally.

So:

• το παλιό κείμενο = the old text
• το παλιό = the old one / the old text

The article το plus the adjective παλιό is enough because the noun κείμενο is easy to understand from the earlier part of the sentence.

Because it refers back to κείμενο, which is neuter.

Greek adjectives must agree with the noun they describe or replace:

• το παλιό κείμενο = the old text
• το παλιό = the old one (with κείμενο understood)

So the adjective stays in the neuter singular form.

Because Greek often leaves out the article when talking about something in a general or indefinite way.

• βλέπω πρόοδο = I see progress / I can see progress

This sounds natural when you mean that progress is noticeable, without pointing to one specific, already identified instance of progress.

If you said βλέπω την πρόοδο, that would usually sound more specific:

• I see the progress
• meaning a particular progress already known in the context

So the version without the article is more general and idiomatic here.

It is the accusative singular because it is the direct object of βλέπω.

The dictionary form is:

• η πρόοδος = progress

Its accusative singular is:

• την πρόοδο

When the article is omitted, you just see:

• πρόοδο

So in the sentence, πρόοδο is still accusative even though there is no article in front of it.

It can cover both ideas, depending on context.

The Modern Greek present tense often corresponds to either:

• the English simple present: I compare / I see
• or the English present continuous: I am comparing / I am seeing

So this sentence could describe:

• something happening right now: I’m comparing this text with the old one and I can see progress
• or a more general present situation

Greek does not force the same distinction English does.

No, Greek word order is fairly flexible, although this sentence uses a very natural, neutral order.

• Συγκρίνω αυτό το κείμενο με το παλιό και βλέπω πρόοδο.

This order sounds straightforward and unmarked.

Because Greek marks grammatical relationships through articles, agreement, and case more than English does, words can sometimes move for emphasis. But not every rearrangement sounds equally natural. The version given is a good standard model for learners.

No. Like English see, Greek βλέπω can also mean notice, realize, or observe.

So βλέπω πρόοδο does not have to mean visual seeing in a physical sense. It often means:

• I notice progress
• I can see that there is progress

That makes the sentence sound very natural and idiomatic.