Σήμερα κάνω ακτινογραφία στο νοσοκομείο, γιατί με πονάει ακόμα η πλάτη μου.

This is a very common Greek pattern. Greek often uses κάνω (do / make / have) with medical tests, treatments, and activities.

So:

• κάνω ακτινογραφία = I have / get an X-ray
• literally: I do an X-ray

Similar expressions include:

• κάνω εξέταση = I have an examination / test
• κάνω εγχείρηση = I have surgery (in some contexts)
• κάνω θεραπεία = I undergo treatment

English and Greek just package the idea differently. In Greek, κάνω is very natural here.

Both are possible, but κάνω ακτινογραφία is very natural and idiomatic.

Greek often leaves out the indefinite article in expressions like this, especially when talking about:

• medical procedures
• tests
• routine actions
• general activities

So:

• κάνω ακτινογραφία = natural, slightly more general/idiomatic
• κάνω μια ακτινογραφία = also correct, and it can sound a bit more like I’m getting an X-ray / one X-ray

In everyday speech, dropping μια is very common.

στο is a contraction of:

• σε = in / at / to
• το = the (neuter singular article)

So:

• σε + το = στο

That means:

• στο νοσοκομείο = at the hospital / in the hospital

This contraction is standard in Greek and happens very often:

• στο σπίτι = at home / to the house
• στο σχολείο = at school / to school
• στο γραφείο = at the office / to the office

Greek normally uses the definite article here. With locations like hospitals, schools, offices, houses, and so on, Greek very often says the where English may or may not.

So στο νοσοκομείο is the normal Greek way to say:

• at the hospital
• in the hospital
• sometimes even what English speakers mean by just at hospital

Greek articles are used more broadly than English articles in many contexts.

Yes. γιατί can mean both:

• because
• why

The meaning depends on context.

In your sentence, it means because:

• ..., γιατί με πονάει ακόμα η πλάτη μου.
• ..., because my back still hurts.

As a question word, it can mean why:

• Γιατί έφυγες; = Why did you leave?

This is completely normal in Greek, and context usually makes the meaning clear.

This is one of the most important things for learners to notice.

Greek often expresses pain with the pattern:

• με πονάει + body part / thing
• literally: it hurts me

So:

• με πονάει η πλάτη μου
• literally: my back hurts me
• natural English: my back hurts

Here:

• με = me
• πονάει = hurts
• η πλάτη μου = my back (the grammatical subject)

So the Greek structure is different from English. The back is doing the hurting, and me is the person affected.

You can also hear:

• Πονάει η πλάτη μου. = My back hurts.
• Με πονάει το κεφάλι μου. = My head hurts.
• Με πονάνε τα πόδια μου. = My legs hurt.

Because in Greek, η πλάτη μου is the grammatical subject of πονάει.

The structure is:

• με = object pronoun (me)
• πονάει = verb (hurts)
• η πλάτη μου = subject (my back)

So Greek is literally saying:

• My back hurts me

That is why η πλάτη μου is nominative, not accusative.

This same structure appears with many body parts:

• Με πονάει το χέρι μου. = My arm hurts.
• Με πονάει το στομάχι μου. = My stomach hurts.

Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

All of these are possible, depending on emphasis:

• Με πονάει ακόμα η πλάτη μου.
• Η πλάτη μου με πονάει ακόμα.
• Ακόμα με πονάει η πλάτη μου.

The version in your sentence sounds very natural. It puts the focus first on the experience:

• με πονάει ακόμα... = it still hurts me...

Then the subject comes after:

• η πλάτη μου = my back

This kind of subject-after-verb order is very common in Greek.

Here ακόμα means still.

So:

• με πονάει ακόμα η πλάτη μου
• my back still hurts

It shows that the pain continues.

Common uses of ακόμα include:

• still
• yet
• even (in some contexts)

Examples:

• Περιμένω ακόμα. = I’m still waiting.
• Δεν ήρθε ακόμα. = He/She hasn’t come yet.
• Ακόμα και αυτός το ξέρει. = Even he knows it.

So the exact meaning depends on the sentence.

Yes. Greek allows some flexibility, though some positions sound more natural than others.

You may hear:

• Με πονάει ακόμα η πλάτη μου.
• Ακόμα με πονάει η πλάτη μου.
• Η πλάτη μου με πονάει ακόμα.

They all mean roughly the same thing, but the emphasis shifts slightly.

The original version is very natural and conversational.

Greek usually keeps the definite article with possessives.

So Greek says:

• η πλάτη μου = literally the back my
• natural English: my back

This is standard Greek grammar.

You see the same pattern everywhere:

• το σπίτι μου = my house
• η μητέρα μου = my mother
• τα βιβλία μου = my books

English does not use both the and my together, but Greek normally does.

Because the usual Greek possessive pattern is:

• article + noun + possessive weak pronoun

So:

• η πλάτη μου = my back
• το αυτοκίνητό μου = my car
• οι φίλοι μου = my friends

The small words like μου, σου, του, της, μας, σας, τους often come after the noun in this kind of possessive expression.

Greek, like English, often uses the present tense for something happening today, especially when it is planned, scheduled, or imminent.

So:

• Σήμερα κάνω ακτινογραφία can mean
  • Today I’m having an X-ray
  • I’m getting an X-ray today

It does not have to mean only right this second.

This is very similar to English:

• Today I see the doctor.
• Tomorrow I leave early.

Greek present tense is often used this way in everyday speech.

Yes, depending on the situation.

For example:

• Σήμερα θα κάνω ακτινογραφία στο νοσοκομείο...

This means more explicitly:

• Today I will have an X-ray at the hospital...

The version without θα can sound more immediate, conversational, or simply like a fixed plan. Both can work.

Because the subject is singular:

• η πλάτη μου = my back

So the verb is singular:

• πονάει = hurts

If the subject were plural, the verb would usually be plural too:

• Με πονάνε τα πόδια μου. = My legs hurt.
• Με πονάνε οι ώμοι μου. = My shoulders hurt.

Yes, in everyday Modern Greek they are alternative forms of the same verb form.

You may hear:

• με πονάει η πλάτη μου
• με πονά η πλάτη μου

Both are used. πονάει is very common in speech and writing; πονά is also common and slightly shorter. Learners should recognize both.

Yes. Putting Σήμερα first sets the time frame immediately:

• Σήμερα κάνω ακτινογραφία...
• Today I’m having an X-ray...

This is very natural in Greek. Time expressions often come first in order to establish the context.

Other placements are possible, but the beginning is common:

• Κάνω ακτινογραφία σήμερα...

That is also correct, but it may shift the rhythm or emphasis slightly.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Σήμερα ≈ SEE-me-ra
• κάνω ≈ KA-no
• ακτινογραφία ≈ ak-tee-no-gra-FEE-a
• στο νοσοκομείο ≈ sto no-so-ko-MEE-o
• γιατί ≈ ya-TEE
• με πονάει ≈ me po-NA-ee
• ακόμα ≈ a-KO-ma
• η πλάτη μου ≈ ee PLA-tee moo

A smooth rough reading:

SEE-me-ra KA-no ak-tee-no-gra-FEE-a sto no-so-ko-MEE-o, ya-TEE me po-NA-ee a-KO-ma ee PLA-tee moo.

The stressed syllables are important in Greek, so noticing where the written accent goes helps a lot.

A learner could use this sentence to remember several very useful Greek patterns:

1. Present tense for current or planned events

   • Σήμερα κάνω... = Today I’m having...

2. κάνω + noun for many activities and procedures

   • κάνω ακτινογραφία

3. σε + το = στο

   • στο νοσοκομείο

4. γιατί can mean because

   • not only why

5. με πονάει + subject is a normal Greek way to talk about pain

   • literally it hurts me

6. Article + noun + possessive

   • η πλάτη μου = my back

7. Flexible word order

   • especially with subject placement after the verb

It is a short sentence, but it contains several very common and useful Greek structures.