Όταν φορέσει το νυφικό και το πέπλο, η νύφη θα νιώσει έτοιμη, κι όταν βάλει τη βέρα ο γαμπρός, θα χαμογελάσουν και οι δύο.

Because after όταν referring to a future event, Greek normally uses the perfective form: όταν φορέσει, όταν βάλει.

That gives the idea of when/once she has put on the dress and veil, and when he puts on the ring as a completed action.

If you used όταν φοράει or όταν βάζει, it would usually sound more like:

• a habitual situation
• something ongoing
• a more general whenever/when she is wearing

So in this sentence, φορέσει and βάλει fit the one-time future actions of a wedding scene.

Not exactly. They are the forms Greek uses for the perfective non-past, which is also the form you see after να.

So:

• να φορέσει
• να βάλει
• όταν φορέσει
• όταν βάλει

They are not future by themselves. The future meaning comes from the context, especially because όταν is referring to something that will happen later.

In standard Modern Greek, when όταν introduces a future-time clause, you normally do not use θα.

So Greek prefers:

• Όταν φορέσει...
• Όταν βάλει...

not:

• Όταν θα φορέσει...
• Όταν θα βάλει...

A very useful pattern is:

Όταν + perfective form,
then main clause with θα

So here:

• Όταν φορέσει... η νύφη θα νιώσει...
• κι όταν βάλει... ο γαμπρός, θα χαμογελάσουν...

Because those are the main clauses, and they describe what will happen.

• θα νιώσει = she will feel
• θα χαμογελάσουν = they will smile

Greek forms the simple future with θα + the appropriate verb form.

So the sentence has this structure:

• When X happens...
• ...Y will happen.

Because it agrees with η νύφη.

• η νύφη = the bride, feminine singular
• έτοιμη = ready, feminine singular

Greek adjectives agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and case when needed.

Compare:

• ο γαμπρός είναι έτοιμος
• η νύφη είναι έτοιμη
• το παιδί είναι έτοιμο

Here έτοιμη is a predicate adjective after the verb θα νιώσει.

Both forms come from the feminine accusative article την. In everyday Modern Greek, the shorter form τη is very common before many consonants.

So:

• τη βέρα is completely normal

You may also see την in more careful or formal writing, or before certain sounds where the final -ν is kept more often.

For a learner, the important point is:

• τη βέρα = normal and natural
• την βέρα = also possible in some contexts, but less expected here

Because Greek word order is more flexible than English word order.

In English, you would strongly expect:

• when the groom puts on the ring

In Greek, it is very normal to say:

• όταν βάλει τη βέρα ο γαμπρός

The subject ο γαμπρός comes later, but it is still clearly the subject.

This often happens for:

• rhythm
• emphasis
• natural flow

You could also say:

• κι όταν ο γαμπρός βάλει τη βέρα...

That would still be correct.

κι is a shortened form of και, meaning and.

So:

• κι όταν = and when

It is extremely common in natural Greek, especially before a word beginning with a vowel, like όταν.

Both are correct:

• και όταν
• κι όταν

But κι όταν sounds smoother and more natural here.

Because the subject is και οι δύο, meaning both of them.

The two people are:

• η νύφη
• ο γαμπρός

So the verb must be plural:

• θα χαμογελάσουν = they will smile

If it were only one person, you would use singular:

• θα χαμογελάσει

It means both or both of them.

In this sentence:

• θα χαμογελάσουν και οι δύο = both of them will smile

The phrase is very common in Greek:

• και οι δύο = both
• και οι τρεις = all three

Even though και often means and, in this expression it helps create the meaning both.

Greek uses the definite article more often than English.

In this sentence, the article appears with:

• people: η νύφη, ο γαμπρός
• objects: το νυφικό, το πέπλο, τη βέρα
• the phrase οι δύο

This is completely normal Greek. English sometimes drops articles where Greek keeps them.

For example, English may say:

• the bride
• the groom

But Greek very regularly uses:

• η νύφη
• ο γαμπρός

These are three different wedding-related words:

• το νυφικό = the wedding dress
• το πέπλο = the veil
• η βέρα = the wedding ring / wedding band

A learner might already know δαχτυλίδι for ring in general, but βέρα specifically refers to the wedding ring.

So βέρα is more specific than just ring.

Because it gives two separate time points in the same scene:

• Όταν φορέσει το νυφικό και το πέπλο...
• κι όταν βάλει τη βέρα ο γαμπρός...

This creates a nice sequence:

1. the bride puts on the dress and veil
2. the groom puts on the ring
3. then the emotional reactions happen

Repeating όταν is natural and helps organize the sentence clearly.

It can mean different things depending on the verb form and context.

In this sentence, because it refers to specific future actions, όταν is close to:

• when
• once

So:

• Όταν φορέσει... = When/Once she puts on...
• όταν βάλει... = When/Once he puts on...

In other contexts, όταν can also mean whenever, especially with more general or repeated situations.

Often yes, because Greek has fairly flexible word order.

For example, these are all possible with little or no change in basic meaning:

• Όταν φορέσει το νυφικό και το πέπλο, η νύφη θα νιώσει έτοιμη.
• Η νύφη θα νιώσει έτοιμη όταν φορέσει το νυφικό και το πέπλο.

And also:

• κι όταν βάλει τη βέρα ο γαμπρός...
• κι όταν ο γαμπρός βάλει τη βέρα...

What changes most is the focus or the flow, not the core meaning. Greek uses word order more freely than English to shape emphasis and style.