Η νύφη δοκιμάζει δεύτερο νυφικό, ενώ ο γαμπρός φοράει ήδη το καινούριο κοστούμι του.

These are the Greek definite articles, and they have to match the gender and number of the noun:

• η νύφη = the bride
• ο γαμπρός = the groom

Greek nouns have grammatical gender, so the article changes accordingly:

• masculine: ο
• feminine: η
• neuter: το

Here, νύφη is feminine, while γαμπρός is masculine.

Because δεύτερο must agree with νυφικό.

Νυφικό is a neuter singular noun, so the adjective/ordinal also has to be neuter singular:

• masculine: δεύτερος
• feminine: δεύτερη
• neuter: δεύτερο

So:

• δεύτερο νυφικό = second wedding dress

This is a very important Greek rule: adjectives change form to match the noun in gender, number, and case.

Νυφικό means wedding dress / bridal gown.

It comes from the same root as νύφη (bride), so learners often notice the connection:

• νύφη = bride
• νυφικό = bridal dress / wedding dress

Even though it refers to a dress, the word itself is neuter in Greek: το νυφικό.

Greek often omits the article when English might say a or another.

Here, δεύτερο νυφικό means something like:

• a second wedding dress
• another wedding dress
• the second wedding dress

The exact nuance depends on context.

Greek does not have an indefinite article like English a/an, so a bare noun phrase can often cover that meaning. That is why you see:

• δοκιμάζει δεύτερο νυφικό

instead of something with a separate word for a.

Here δοκιμάζει means is trying on or tries on.

The verb δοκιμάζω can mean:

• try
• test
• taste (in some contexts)
• try on clothes

In this sentence, because the object is νυφικό, the natural meaning is tries on.

So:

• Η νύφη δοκιμάζει δεύτερο νυφικό
  = The bride is trying on a second wedding dress

Greek present tense can translate as either simple present or present continuous in English, depending on context.

Yes — φοράει means wears / is wearing, not puts on.

This is an important distinction:

• φοράω / φορώ = wear, have on
• βάζω = put on
• ντύνομαι = get dressed

So in the sentence:

• ο γαμπρός φοράει ήδη το καινούριο κοστούμι του

the meaning is that the groom already has his new suit on.

If Greek wanted to emphasize the action of putting it on, it would probably use a different verb.

Ήδη means already.

In this sentence it comes before the object phrase:

• φοράει ήδη το καινούριο κοστούμι του

This is very natural Greek word order. It highlights that by this point, the groom already has the suit on.

Greek word order is more flexible than English, so ήδη could sometimes appear in a different spot, but this position is very common and natural.

Here ενώ means while, whereas, or as.

It connects the two parts of the sentence:

• Η νύφη δοκιμάζει δεύτερο νυφικό
• ενώ ο γαμπρός φοράει ήδη το καινούριο κοστούμι του

So it shows contrast or simultaneous situation:

• The bride is trying on a second wedding dress, while/whereas the groom is already wearing his new suit.

A useful thing to remember is that ενώ can express:

1. simultaneous action = while
2. contrast = whereas

In this sentence, it does a bit of both.

Του here means his.

Greek often expresses possession with a weak pronoun placed after the noun phrase:

• το κοστούμι του = his suit
• literally something like the suit of him

So:

• το καινούριο κοστούμι του = his new suit

This is one of the most common ways to say possession in Greek.

A few similar examples:

• το βιβλίο μου = my book
• η φίλη σου = your friend
• το σπίτι τους = their house

Because Greek possessive clitic pronouns usually come after the noun:

• το κοστούμι του = his suit
• η τσάντα της = her bag
• τα παπούτσια μου = my shoes

This is just the normal Greek pattern. English puts the possessive before the noun, but Greek usually places it after.

When there is an adjective, the possessive still usually comes at the end of the whole noun phrase:

• το καινούριο κοστούμι του = his new suit

not usually:

• του καινούριου κοστουμιού in this kind of sentence

Because καινούριο agrees with κοστούμι, which is neuter singular.

So the adjective has to be neuter singular too:

• masculine: καινούριος
• feminine: καινούρια
• neuter: καινούριο

Thus:

• το καινούριο κοστούμι

You may also encounter spellings/forms like καινούργιο. That is also common in Modern Greek. Both are standard variants in everyday usage.

Because they are neuter singular nouns, and in Greek the nominative and accusative forms of many neuter nouns are identical.

For example:

• το νυφικό can be nominative or accusative
• το κοστούμι can be nominative or accusative

In this sentence, both are direct objects:

• δοκιμάζει δεύτερο νυφικό
• φοράει το καινούριο κοστούμι του

So they are in the accusative, but their form does not change.

This is very common with neuter nouns in Greek.

They come from the same verb, but φοράει is the common Modern Greek everyday form.

The verb is:

• φοράω or φορώ = I wear

The 3rd person singular can appear as:

• φοράει = he/she wears, is wearing

You may also see more formal or alternative patterns in other verbs, but φοράει is the normal everyday form you should learn first.

Greek uses the present tense here to describe what is happening in the scene right now.

So:

• δοκιμάζει = tries / is trying on
• φοράει = wears / is wearing

As in English, the exact translation may depend on context. In a sentence describing a current scene, English usually prefers the continuous form:

• The bride is trying on...
• the groom is already wearing...

So the Greek present tense often covers both simple present and present continuous meanings.

Yes, Greek word order is fairly flexible.

The sentence as given is very natural:

• Η νύφη δοκιμάζει δεύτερο νυφικό, ενώ ο γαμπρός φοράει ήδη το καινούριο κοστούμι του.

But Greek could move words around for emphasis, especially adverbs like ήδη.

For example, a speaker might change the order slightly to emphasize already or his new suit. However, the version you have is neutral and natural, so it is a good model to learn from.

Yes. The people are specific and already identifiable:

• η νύφη = the bride
• ο γαμπρός = the groom

But δεύτερο νυφικό is being treated more like a second wedding dress / another wedding dress, so it appears without an article.

Meanwhile, the suit is specific again:

• το καινούριο κοστούμι του = his new suit

So article use here reflects how specific each noun phrase is in context. Greek handles this naturally, but it does not always match English article usage exactly.