Learn Hardcore Greek: Η ξαδέρφη μου δεν μοιράζεται εύκολα προσωπικές πληροφορίες στο διαδίκτυο. - My cousin female does not easily share personal information on the internet.

Η – the (feminine, singular, nominative definite article)
ξαδέρφη – cousin (female)
μου – my (literally “of me”; an unstressed possessive pronoun)
δεν – not (negation particle used with verbs)
μοιράζεται – shares (middle/passive form: “is sharing / shares (for herself)”)
εύκολα – easily (adverb)
προσωπικές – personal (feminine plural adjective, accusative case)
πληροφορίες – information (plural: “pieces of information”)
στο – on the / in the (contraction of σε
- το)
διαδίκτυο – internet

So literally: The cousin my not shares easily personal information on-the internet. (Reordered in English: “My cousin does not easily share personal information on the internet.”)

Why is Η used before ξαδέρφη? What does it tell me?

Η is the feminine singular nominative definite article meaning “the.”

ξαδέρφη is a feminine noun in the nominative case (the subject of the sentence).
Greek usually uses articles where English might use a possessive.
- Η ξαδέρφη μου = literally “the cousin of me”, but it means “my cousin.”

So Η shows:

The noun is feminine.
It is singular.
It is in nominative, functioning as the subject.

Why is μου after ξαδέρφη and not before, like “μου ξαδέρφη”; and what kind of word is μου here?

μου here is an unstressed (clitic) possessive pronoun meaning “my.”

In this use, it normally comes after the noun it modifies:
- Η ξαδέρφη μου = my cousin
- το βιβλίο μου = my book

You can say η δική μου ξαδέρφη, but that adds emphasis, like “my own cousin” or “my cousin (as opposed to someone else’s).”

You do not say η μου ξαδέρφη in standard Greek; the normal order is article + noun + clitic possessive:

η φίλη μου – my friend
ο αδελφός μου – my brother

What is going on with the verb μοιράζεται? Why not just μοιράζει?

The verb is from μοιράζω / μοιράζομαι = to share.

μοιράζω – active: “I share (something)”
μοιράζομαι – middle/reflexive: “I share (for myself) / I share something (of mine) / I share out”

μοιράζεται is the 3rd person singular, present tense, middle/passive of μοιράζομαι:

(αυτή) μοιράζεται – she shares (for herself)

Using the middle form here is natural because she shares her own information. Greek often uses the middle voice with actions that affect the subject or their own things.

You could see patterns like:

Μοιράζομαι πληροφορίες. – I share information.
Δεν μοιράζεται εύκολα. – She doesn’t share easily.

Using μοιράζει (active) would be more like:

Η εταιρεία μοιράζει φυλλάδια. – The company hands out flyers.

Why is the negative word δεν used, and not μην?

Modern Greek has two main negative particles:

δεν – used with finite verb forms (indicative)
μη(ν) – used with subjunctive, imperatives, and some fixed expressions

Here the verb μοιράζεται is a normal present indicative form, so you must use δεν:

Δεν μοιράζεται. – She doesn’t share.

You’d use μην with a subjunctive or imperative:

Να μην μοιράζεται εύκολα. – So that she doesn’t share easily.
Μην μοιράζεσαι εύκολα. – Don’t share easily.

So in this sentence, δεν is correct because it’s a statement in the indicative.

What kind of word is εύκολα, and why doesn’t it change to agree with ξαδέρφη or πληροφορίες?

Εύκολα here is an adverb meaning “easily.”

It comes from the adjective εύκολος –η –ο (easy), but in the adverb form it is invariable: it does not change for gender, number, or case.
It modifies the verb μοιράζεται, not a noun.

So:

εύκολα – easily (adverb)
εύκολη πληροφορία – easy information (feminine, singular, adjective)

Because adverbs don’t have gender/number/case, εύκολα stays the same regardless of ξαδέρφη or πληροφορίες.

Why are προσωπικές and πληροφορίες both plural and feminine, and how do they agree?

Πληροφορίες is the plural of πληροφορία (information, piece of information). It is:

Feminine
Plural
In this sentence, accusative case (direct object of the verb).

Προσωπικές is the adjective προσωπικός –ή –ό (personal) in the form that agrees with πληροφορίες:

feminine
plural
accusative

So you get:

προσωπικές πληροφορίες – personal information (literally “personal pieces of information”)

This is a standard Greek pattern: adjectives must agree with the noun in gender, number, and case.

Why is there no article before προσωπικές πληροφορίες? Could it also be τις προσωπικές πληροφορίες?

Both are possible, but they mean slightly different things.

προσωπικές πληροφορίες (no article) – more general / indefinite:
- “personal information (in general)”
τις προσωπικές πληροφορίες – definite, referring to some specific personal information already known in the context:
- “the personal information”

In this sentence, the idea is general: she does not share any personal information online, so no article is more natural.

What does στο διαδίκτυο literally mean, and what is στο?

στο is a contraction of:

σε – in / at / on (preposition)
το – the (neuter singular article, accusative)

So:

σε + το = στο – “in the / on the”

διαδίκτυο is neuter singular (το διαδίκτυο), meaning “internet.”

So στο διαδίκτυο literally means “on the internet” or “in the internet,” and is the normal way to say “online / on the internet” in Greek.

You will also hear στο ίντερνετ, which is more informal but very common.

How would I say the positive version: “My cousin shares personal information easily on the internet”?

Just remove the negative δεν:

Η ξαδέρφη μου μοιράζεται εύκολα προσωπικές πληροφορίες στο διαδίκτυο.

Same word order, same forms, only without δεν.

Can I move εύκολα to another position, like after πληροφορίες? Does that change the meaning?

Yes, adverbs like εύκολα can move, and the meaning stays similar, but the emphasis can shift slightly.

Possible variants:

Δεν μοιράζεται εύκολα προσωπικές πληροφορίες στο διαδίκτυο.
– Neutral: she doesn’t easily share personal information online.
Δεν μοιράζεται προσωπικές πληροφορίες εύκολα στο διαδίκτυο.
– Slight extra emphasis that it’s the sharing of personal information that isn’t easy for her.

All are grammatically correct; the original order is very natural and common.

Is Η ξαδέρφη μου the only way to say “my cousin”? What about a male cousin or different spelling?

For female and male cousins:

Η ξαδέρφη μου – my (female) cousin
Ο ξάδερφός μου – my (male) cousin

You may also see the spellings ξαδέλφη and ξάδελφος; they are alternative spellings of the same words.

The structure stays the same:

Article + cousin + μου
- Η ξαδέρφη μου
- Ο ξάδερφός μου (note accent moves because of the enclitic μου)

Is the Greek present tense μοιράζεται here more like “shares” or “is sharing”?

The Greek present tense covers both English “simple present” and “present continuous.”

So (η ξαδέρφη μου) δεν μοιράζεται can mean:

“does not share” (general/habitual)
“is not sharing (right now)” (current action), depending on context.

In this sentence about general behavior on the internet, it’s understood as:

“My cousin does not share personal information easily on the internet” – a habitual/general statement.