Learn Hardcore German: Wenn jemand krank ist, springt Lea kurzfristig ein; das steht im Notfallplan. - If someone is sick, Lea steps in at short notice; that is written in the emergency plan.

Main clause: the prefix splits off and goes to the end: Lea springt kurzfristig ein.
Subordinate clause: the prefix reattaches and the verb goes to the end: …, dass Lea kurzfristig einspringt.
Perfect tense: it forms the participle eingesprungen and takes sein as the auxiliary: Lea ist kurzfristig eingesprungen.

Why is the verb at the end in Wenn jemand krank ist?

Wenn introduces a subordinate clause, and in German subordinate clauses the finite verb goes to the end: …, wenn jemand krank ist. After the comma, the main clause resumes with verb-second order: springt Lea kurzfristig ein (finite verb in second position).

Why present tense (ist, springt) if this is about a future situation?

German often uses the present tense for general rules and scheduled or conditional future situations. Here it means “whenever/if someone is sick, Lea steps in.” You could also say Falls jemand krank wird, …, but ist is perfectly natural to state a standing rule.

What is the difference between wenn, falls, and wann?

wenn: conditional (“if/whenever”) or temporal (“when” in the sense of repeated/conditional events). Here it’s conditional.
falls: more explicitly “in case”/“if by chance,” highlighting possibility or contingency.
wann: used only for questions or indirect questions about time (“when?”), not for conditions.

So you could say Wenn jemand krank ist … or (a bit more tentative) Falls jemand krank ist …. Never Wann jemand krank ist … for conditions.

Why is it jemand and not jemanden?

Because jemand is the subject of ist, so it’s in the nominative case. The declension of jemand is:

Nominative: jemand
Accusative: jemanden (colloquially sometimes jemand, but standard is -en)
Dative: jemandem
Genitive: jemandes

What does kurzfristig mean exactly, and is it the same as “temporarily”?

kurzfristig means “at short notice / on short notice.” It’s about the time available before action is taken, not about duration. For “temporarily,” use vorübergehend or temporär.

Short notice: Lea springt kurzfristig ein.
Temporary: Lea übernimmt die Aufgabe vorübergehend.

Is the placement of kurzfristig okay? Where else could it go?

Yes. Neutral placement is after the subject and before the separable prefix:

With no fronted clause: Lea springt kurzfristig ein.
With a fronted Wenn-clause (inversion): …, springt Lea kurzfristig ein.

You can place kurzfristig earlier for focus (e.g., …, springt kurzfristig Lea ein), but the neutral, most natural choice is to keep the subject right after the finite verb: springt Lea …

What does steht mean in das steht im Notfallplan?

Here stehen means “to be stated / to be written.” It’s a common idiom for something being written in a document:

Das steht im Vertrag/Plan/Handbuch. = “That is stated in the contract/plan/manual.”

Why use a semicolon before das steht im Notfallplan? Could I use a period or a comma?

The semicolon links two closely related main clauses; it’s stylistic. You could also write:

Period: … springt Lea kurzfristig ein. Das steht im Notfallplan.
Or recast with dass: Im Notfallplan steht, dass Lea kurzfristig einspringt, wenn jemand krank ist.

What is das referring to in das steht im Notfallplan? Could I use es?

das is a demonstrative pronoun referring to the entire preceding statement (“Lea steps in at short notice if someone is sick”). Es is possible but less specific. Das clearly points back to that exact rule.

Why im Notfallplan and not in den Notfallplan?

im is the contraction of in dem (dative). With in, use:

Dative for location (where?): im Notfallplan = “in the plan.”
Accusative for direction (into where?): in den Notfallplan = “into the plan.”

Here it’s location (where it is stated), so dative is required: in dem → im.

Is Notfallplan written as one word? Could it be hyphenated?

Compound nouns are typically written as one word: Notfallplan. Hyphenation (Notfall-Plan) is not standard here; hyphens are used mainly for very long or complex compounds to improve readability.

Can I say Lea springt für jemanden ein? What case follows für?

Yes. To specify whom she covers for, use für + accusative:

Lea springt kurzfristig für Tom ein.
Lea springt für die erkrankte Kollegin ein.

Could I rephrase the whole thing as one sentence with dass?

Yes: Im Notfallplan steht, dass Lea kurzfristig einspringt, wenn jemand krank ist. This embeds the rule as a dass-clause inside the stehen-clause.

Why not Wenn man krank ist instead of Wenn jemand krank ist?

man is a generic “one/people in general,” while jemand is “someone (unspecified individual).” Here the rule is about any particular person on the team who might get sick, so jemand makes that clearer. Wenn man krank ist sounds more like a general statement about people.

Any pronunciation tips (common pitfalls)?

steht: initial st is pronounced like English “sht” [ʃt].
ist: st here is [st], not [ʃt].
ein (in einspringen): ei sounds like English “eye.”
kurzfristig: z is [ts]; the final -ig is often [ɪç] in standard pronunciation.
Lea: typically [ˈleːa] (two syllables).

Why is krank uninflected in jemand krank ist?

Because krank is a predicate adjective with sein. Predicate adjectives don’t take endings in German: Er ist krank. Die Mitarbeiterin ist krank.