Le voyageur change de train après la correspondance manquée.

Because le is the definite article in French, meaning the.

• le voyageur = the traveler
• un voyageur = a traveler

French usually requires an article where English sometimes might leave one out, but here it works very directly.

Voyageur means traveler or passenger/traveler depending on context.

It comes from voyage meaning trip/journey. In a transport sentence like this, voyageur is a natural word for someone making a journey. In everyday modern French, passager may also be used in some transport contexts, but voyageur is very common.

In French, changer de + noun often means to switch from one thing to another or to change means/mode/type.

So:

• changer de train = to change trains
• changer de vêtements = to change clothes
• changer de place = to change seats / move seats

If you said changer le train, that would usually suggest changing the train itself in some more literal sense, as if replacing or altering it. That is not the intended meaning here.

With the expression changer de, French normally uses de without an article before a noun when talking about changing type/category/thing used.

So:

• changer de train
• changer de bus
• changer de direction

This is a fixed and very common pattern.

Après means after.

In this sentence, it introduces what happened first:

• après la correspondance manquée = after the missed connection

So the order is:

1. the connection is missed
2. then the traveler changes trains

Here, correspondance means a connection, especially in travel: a train, bus, or flight connection.

For example:

• rater une correspondance = to miss a connection
• avoir une correspondance à Lyon = to have a connection in Lyon

Be careful: correspondance can also mean correspondence in other contexts, but in transport it usually means connection.

Because in French, most adjectives come after the noun.

So:

• la correspondance manquée = the missed connection

This is the normal word order. A few common adjectives go before the noun, but manqué/manquée in this kind of meaning usually comes after.

Because correspondance is a feminine singular noun, and the adjective must agree with it.

• masculine singular: manqué
• feminine singular: manquée
• masculine plural: manqués
• feminine plural: manquées

Since it is la correspondance, the adjective becomes manquée.

Yes. It comes from the verb manquer (to miss), and formally it is a past participle, but here it is functioning adjectivally.

So la correspondance manquée literally resembles the missed connection, just like in English missed comes from a verb but acts like an adjective.

Change is the third-person singular present of changer.

• je change
• tu changes
• il/elle change
• le voyageur change

French often uses the present tense in example sentences to state a fact, describe an event, or narrate something simply. Depending on context, English might translate it as changes, is changing, or sometimes even as a simple narrative present.

French present tense can cover both ideas. Context tells you which is more natural in English.

• Le voyageur change de train could mean:
  • The traveler changes trains
  • The traveler is changing trains

If this is just a neutral example sentence, English often uses the simple present in dictionary-style translation. In a real story context, is changing trains might also fit.

Yes. A very common alternative is:

• après avoir manqué sa correspondance = after missing his/her connection

That version uses a verb phrase instead of a noun phrase.

Compare:

• après la correspondance manquée = after the missed connection
• après avoir manqué sa correspondance = after having missed the connection / after missing the connection

The original sentence is perfectly grammatical, but the second version may sound more natural in some everyday contexts.

They are close, but not identical.

• changer de train focuses on the act of switching trains
• prendre un autre train focuses on taking another train

In many contexts they could describe the same situation, but changer de train is especially natural when talking about a journey involving a connection.

Literally, après only tells you after in time. So the sentence clearly says the traveler changes trains after the missed connection.

In real-world logic, it also strongly suggests that the missed connection is the reason or situation leading to the change. But grammatically, the sentence directly expresses sequence, not cause.

A careful pronunciation would be approximately:

luh vwa-ya-ZHUR shahnzh duh trahn ah-PRAY lah kor-reh-spon-DAHNS mahn-KAY

A few useful notes:

• Le often sounds light, almost like luh
• voyageur has the soft j sound like the s in measure
• train has a nasal vowel; the n is not fully pronounced like English n
• manquée ends with an ay sound

A more IPA-style pronunciation is:

[lə vwajaʒœʁ ʃɑ̃ʒ də tʁɛ̃ apʁɛ la kɔʁɛspɔ̃dɑ̃s mɑ̃ke]