Mas gusto kong magsulat sa kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter kapag mabagal ang internet.

This is the Filipino pattern for expressing preference.

• mas gusto = like more / prefer
• kaysa sa = than

So:

• Mas gusto kong magsulat sa kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter
  = I prefer writing in a notebook rather than on a computer

A useful pattern to remember is:

• Mas gusto ko ang A kaysa sa B = I prefer A to B
• Mas gusto kong + verb = I prefer to + verb

In your sentence, the speaker is comparing writing in a notebook and writing on a computer.

Kong is a shortened form of ko na linker in this kind of structure.

What is happening is:

• gusto ko = I like / I want
• when a verb follows it directly, Filipino usually uses the linker -ng
• gusto ko + -ng + magsulat becomes gusto kong magsulat

So:

• Mas gusto ko = I prefer
• Mas gusto kong magsulat = I prefer to write

This -ng links gusto ko to the following word magsulat.

You will see this pattern often:

• gusto kong kumain = I want to eat
• ayaw kong umalis = I don’t want to leave
• mahilig akong magbasa = I like reading

Both come from the root sulat (write), but they are used differently.

In this sentence, magsulat is natural because it refers to a general action / activity / habit:

• Mas gusto kong magsulat... = I prefer writing...

This sounds like a general preference.

By contrast, sumulat often sounds more like a completed or more specific action, depending on context. In sentences about preferences, habits, or intended actions, mag- forms are very common.

So for a learner, the safest takeaway is:

• magsulat = to write / to be writing / to write as an activity
• very natural after gusto, ayaw, mahilig, etc.

Examples:

• Gusto kong magsulat araw-araw.
• Mas gusto niyang magluto kaysa kumain sa labas.

Sa is a very flexible preposition in Filipino. It can mean things like:

• in
• on
• at
• to

Here, sa kuwaderno means something like:

• in a notebook
• or on paper in a notebook

So:

• magsulat sa kuwaderno = to write in a notebook

Filipino often uses sa where English uses different prepositions depending on context.

Compare:

• sa bahay = at home / in the house
• sa mesa = on the table / at the table
• sa kompyuter = on the computer

In standard Filipino, kaysa sa is a common comparison pattern meaning than.

So:

• kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter = notebook rather than computer

You can think of kaysa sa as a fixed expression in many sentences.

Examples:

• Mas mabuti ito kaysa sa isa. = This is better than the other one.
• Mas gusto ko ang tsaa kaysa sa kape. = I prefer tea to coffee.

In casual speech, people may sometimes shorten things, but kaysa sa is the safe and standard form to learn.

Because both are being treated as the medium/place of writing:

• magsulat sa kuwaderno = write in a notebook
• magsulat sa kompyuter = write on a computer

The comparison is between two settings or tools for the same action.

So the structure is:

• [prefer] + [verb + sa X] + kaysa sa + [Y]

Expanded idea:

• Mas gusto kong magsulat sa kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter
• I prefer writing in a notebook rather than writing on a computer

The second magsulat is omitted because it is understood already.

Here, kapag means when in the sense of whenever / in situations where.

So:

• kapag mabagal ang internet = when the internet is slow

A quick learner-friendly distinction:

• kapag = when / whenever
• kung = if / whether

Examples:

• Kapag umuulan, nasa bahay lang ako. = When it rains, I just stay at home.
• Kung umuulan, huwag kang umalis. = If it’s raining, don’t leave.

In real speech, these can sometimes overlap a little, but in your sentence kapag is the most natural choice because it describes a recurring condition.

Both are grammatical, but mabagal ang internet is very natural in Filipino.

This is a common predicate-first structure:

• mabagal = the predicate (slow)
• ang internet = the topic/focus (the internet)

So literally, it is structured like:

• Slow the internet is

But in natural English, of course, it means:

• the internet is slow

Both of these are possible:

• Mabagal ang internet.
• Ang internet ay mabagal.

The first one is usually more natural and conversational.

Ang marks the noun phrase that is the topic/focus of the clause.

In:

• mabagal ang internet

the word being described is internet, so it is marked by ang.

You can think of it as roughly pointing to the internet as the thing being talked about.

Examples:

• Mainit ang kape. = The coffee is hot.
• Malaki ang bahay. = The house is big.
• Mabagal ang internet. = The internet is slow.

So ang is not exactly the same as English the, but in many simple sentences it can feel similar.

No, kuwaderno is a borrowed word, originally from Spanish cuaderno.

Its Filipino spelling follows Filipino spelling conventions:

• kuwaderno rather than Spanish-style cuaderno

This is common in Filipino. Many everyday words are borrowed but respelled to match Filipino pronunciation.

Similarly:

• kompyuter comes from English computer
• internet is also borrowed

So this sentence is very typical of modern Filipino: native grammar mixed with borrowed vocabulary.

Yes, many Filipinos do use computer, especially in casual speech, mixed-language speech, or more English-heavy contexts.

However:

• kompyuter is the more Filipinized spelling
• computer is also widely understood and very common in real life

So you may hear:

• sa kompyuter
• sa computer

Both are understandable. If you are studying standard Filipino spelling, kompyuter is a good form to know.

Yes, Filipino word order is flexible, though some versions sound more neutral than others.

Original:

• Mas gusto kong magsulat sa kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter kapag mabagal ang internet.

You could also say:

• Kapag mabagal ang internet, mas gusto kong magsulat sa kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter.

This version puts the condition first:

• When the internet is slow, I prefer writing in a notebook rather than on a computer.

Both are natural. The second one may sound a little clearer because it introduces the condition right away.

Most naturally, it sounds like a general preference in a recurring situation.

Because of:

• mas gusto = prefer
• magsulat = a general activity
• kapag = when / whenever

the sentence suggests:

• Whenever the internet is slow, I prefer writing in a notebook instead of on a computer.

So it does not sound like just one specific event unless the context makes it specific.

Yes, depending on context, that is often how it would be understood.

Literally:

• magsulat = to write

But when the location/tool is sa kompyuter, English often prefers:

• write on a computer
• type on a computer

So in natural English, both can work depending on the situation.

That said, the Filipino sentence itself still uses the general verb magsulat, not a special verb meaning only type.

In casual speech, many Filipinos might keep it almost exactly the same, but you may hear small variations such as:

• Mas gusto kong magsulat sa notebook kaysa sa computer kapag mabagal ang internet.

This mixes Filipino grammar with English nouns, which is very common in everyday speech.

A more Filipino-spelled version is the one in your sentence:

• Mas gusto kong magsulat sa kuwaderno kaysa sa kompyuter kapag mabagal ang internet.

So the original sentence is correct and natural, while casual spoken Filipino may use more English vocabulary.