Pagbalik natin mula sa bangko, magluluto tayo sa kalan at lilinisin ko ang salamin sa banyo.

Pagbalik comes from the root balik, meaning return or come back. The prefix pag- turns it into something like returning or the act of returning.

So Pagbalik natin literally looks like our returning, but in natural English it works like when we return, upon returning, or after we come back. It is a very common Filipino way to make a time expression.

Filipino pronouns change form depending on their grammatical role.

• tayo = nominative form, used when we is the main subject/topic
• natin = genitive form, often used in phrases like our returning, our doing, our going

Because pagbalik behaves like a verbal noun here, Filipino uses natin, not tayo. So Pagbalik natin is natural, while Pagbalik tayo would not be correct in this structure.

It can suggest either one depending on context. In many everyday sentences, it has the feel of when we get back or once we return.

So it does not always draw a sharp line between when and after the way English sometimes does. Here, the idea is that the next actions happen once the return from the bank has happened.

Mula sa clearly means from. It marks the starting point or source.

• mula sa bangko = from the bank

By itself, sa is broader and can mean to, at, in, or sometimes from, depending on context. Using mula sa removes the ambiguity and makes the meaning very clear.

Yes, it is natural, but it can sound a little more formal or careful than everyday conversation. In casual speech, many speakers would also say galing sa.

So these are both possible in many situations:

• mula sa bangko
• galing sa bangko

The first is a bit more neutral/formal; the second often sounds more conversational.

The root is luto, meaning cook. The form magluluto uses the actor-focus prefix mag- plus reduplication of the first syllable of the root:

• luto
• mag- + lu + luto → magluluto

This pattern commonly marks the contemplated aspect, which is often translated as future in English. So magluluto tayo is naturally understood as we will cook.

Because magluluto is an actor-focus verb. With actor-focus verbs, the doer is marked with the nominative set of pronouns, so tayo is used.

That is why:

• magluluto tayo = correct
• magluluto natin = not correct in this structure

So here, tayo is the group doing the cooking.

Sa marks a location here, so sa kalan means on the stove or at the stove. It tells you where the cooking will happen.

This is a very natural use of sa with places and surfaces. If you used ng kalan instead, the meaning would change and would not sound as natural in this sentence.

The root is linis, meaning clean. The form lilinisin is built as an object-focus future/contemplated form.

A simple way to think of it is:

• root: linis
• future/object-focus: lilinisin

This form puts focus on the thing being cleaned, not on the person doing the action.

Because lilinisin is an object-focus verb. With object-focus verbs, the doer is usually marked by the genitive pronoun set, so ko is used instead of ako.

Compare:

• Maglilinis ako ng salamin = actor-focus, I will do some cleaning of a mirror/the mirror
• Lilinisin ko ang salamin = object-focus, I will clean the mirror

So ko is correct because the verb form requires that pronoun pattern.

Because lilinisin is object-focus, the thing receiving the action is marked with ang. Here, that thing is salamin.

So:

• lilinisin ko ang salamin

means the mirror is the focused or highlighted noun in the clause. In many cases, ang may look like the in translation, but it is not exactly the same as the English article the. It is a grammatical marker, not just a definite article.

It can mean either, depending on context.

• salamin = mirror
• salamin = eyeglasses/glasses

In this sentence, sa banyo makes mirror the natural meaning, since a mirror in the bathroom fits the context much better than glasses in the bathroom.

Because sa banyo is a prepositional phrase, and Filipino does not need a linker there. The phrase directly modifies salamin.

So salamin sa banyo simply means the mirror in the bathroom. This is normal Filipino structure.

Because the two actions have different doers.

• magluluto tayo = we will cook
• lilinisin ko ang salamin = I will clean the mirror

So the speaker includes the listener in the cooking, but says that the cleaning will be done by the speaker alone. The pronouns are changing to match who is doing each action.

At simply means and. It connects the two main actions:

• magluluto tayo sa kalan
• lilinisin ko ang salamin sa banyo

So it joins the two clauses into one longer sentence. It is the standard written form for and in Filipino.