من امروز با ماشین به کار میروم، اما برادرم با اتوبوس میرود.

Because Persian script usually does not write short vowels. Native speakers already know them, but learners have to supply them from memory or context.

For example:

• برادرم is read barâdaram = my brother
• می‌رود is read miravad in careful/formal Persian, often mire in speech
• من is read man

Long vowels are usually shown more clearly than short ones. This is one of the biggest reading challenges for beginners.

Because Persian normally prefers Subject–Object/Complement–Verb order, so the verb often comes last.

In this clause:

• من = I
• امروز = today
• با ماشین = by car
• به کار = to work
• می‌روم = go / am going

So the structure is very naturally:

I + today + by car + to work + go

That feels unusual to English speakers at first, but it is very normal in Persian.

میـ is a very common verb prefix in Persian. Here it marks the imperfective form, which in many beginner contexts is taught as the present tense or habitual/simple present form.

So:

• می‌روم = I go / I am going
• می‌رود = he/she goes / is going

Depending on context, this form can sound like:

• a habitual action: I go to work by car
• a present action
• sometimes even a near-future action: I’m going to work today

Because Persian verbs change according to the person.

Here:

• می‌روم = I go
• می‌رود = he/she goes

The endings show who is doing the action:

• -م often marks I
• -د marks he/she/it

So the sentence does not need separate verb words like English go/goes; Persian builds that into the verb ending.

It could definitely be left out.

Persian often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the subject:

• امروز با ماشین به کار می‌روم = Today I go / I’m going to work by car

Including من is still fine. It can add:

• emphasis
• clarity
• contrast

In this sentence, من helps set up a contrast with برادرم: I do this, but my brother does that.

The -م is a possessive ending meaning my.

So:

• برادر = brother
• برادرم = my brother

This is very common in Persian. You can often express possession either with a suffix or with a separate pronoun:

• برادرم = my brother
• برادر من = my brother

Both are correct, but the attached form برادرم is very common and natural.

با usually means with, but in contexts of transportation it often corresponds to English by.

So:

• با ماشین = by car
• با اتوبوس = by bus

Literally, Persian is using with, but the natural English meaning is often by when talking about how someone travels.

به means to, and کار means work.

So:

• به کار می‌روم = I go to work

This is a straightforward prepositional phrase:

• به = to
• کار = work

In everyday spoken Persian, people also very often say سرِ کار for to work / at work, so learners may hear alternatives in real conversation.

Because Persian does not use articles the same way English does.

There is no true definite article like English the.
Indefiniteness can be shown, but it is often optional depending on context.

So:

• ماشین can mean car, a car, or the car, depending on context
• اتوبوس can mean bus, a bus, or the bus
• کار can mean work

In this sentence, English naturally uses by car, by bus, and to work, so the lack of articles is very normal.

Because there is no direct object here.

The marker را is used for specific direct objects. But in this sentence:

• ماشین is part of با ماشین = by car
• اتوبوس is part of با اتوبوس = by bus
• کار is part of به کار = to work

These are inside prepositional phrases, not direct objects, so را is not used.

اما means but / however.

It is perfectly correct and common, especially in writing or more neutral/formal Persian. In everyday speech, many people also use:

• ولی
• اما
• sometimes ولی خب in casual speech

So اما is a good word to know, but learners should expect to hear ولی very often in conversation.

Yes, Persian word order is somewhat flexible, but time expressions often come early in the sentence.

So من امروز با ماشین به کار می‌روم is very natural.

Other arrangements may also be possible, depending on emphasis, but the version here sounds normal and clear. Putting امروز early helps frame the whole clause as today.

It sounds more like standard written or careful spoken Persian than very casual conversation.

A more colloquial version might be something like:

من امروز با ماشین می‌رم سرِ کار، ولی برادرم با اتوبوس می‌ره.

Main differences:

• می‌روم / می‌رود → colloquial می‌رم / می‌ره
• اما → often colloquial ولی
• به کار → often colloquial سرِ کار

So the original sentence is absolutely correct, but real spoken Persian is often a bit shorter and looser.

In standard modern spelling, they are usually written with a half-space:

• می‌روم
• می‌رود

Many people also write:

• میروم
• میرود

especially informally or when typing quickly. You may also sometimes see full separation in less careful text, but the standard form is with the half-space after می.

So for careful writing, prefer:

• می‌روم
• می‌رود