Na de uitleg mogen wij nog vragen stellen.

Because Dutch main clauses usually put the finite verb in second position.

Here, Na de uitleg is placed first. That means the finite verb, mogen, must come next, and the subject wij comes after it.

So the structure is:

• Na de uitleg = first element
• mogen = second-position verb
• wij = subject
• nog vragen stellen = rest of the sentence

If you start with the subject instead, you get:

• Wij mogen na de uitleg nog vragen stellen.

Both are correct. The original sentence just gives a bit more emphasis to after the explanation.

Na means after.

De uitleg means the explanation or the instructions/explanation depending on context.

So na de uitleg literally means after the explanation.

A useful point:

• na is a preposition
• after a preposition, Dutch does not use English-style word order changes; it simply uses a noun phrase: na de uitleg

Because uitleg is a de-word in Dutch.

You simply have to learn nouns together with their article:

• de uitleg = the explanation

There is not always a simple logic you can see from the meaning alone, so this is something learners usually memorize word by word.

Here mogen is mainly about permission.

So it means:

• may
• are allowed to
• sometimes natural English may use can, but the Dutch idea is still permission

Compare:

• Wij mogen vragen stellen. = We are allowed to ask questions.
• Wij kunnen vragen stellen. = We are able to ask questions / We can ask questions in the sense of ability or possibility.

So mogen is the better choice when someone is giving permission.

Here nog means something like still or yet.

So the sentence suggests that after the explanation, there is still an opportunity to ask questions.

Depending on context, nog can have slightly different shades of meaning, such as:

• still
• yet
• another / more
• also in some contexts

But in this sentence, still is the most natural understanding.

Because een vraag stellen is a very common Dutch expression meaning to ask a question.

So:

• een vraag stellen = ask a question
• vragen stellen = ask questions

Dutch does also have the verb vragen, but it is often used more like:

• to ask someone
• to request
• to ask for something

Examples:

• Ik vraag het aan de docent. = I ask the teacher / I ask the teacher about it.
• Ik vraag om hulp. = I ask for help.

When talking specifically about asking questions, vragen stellen is extremely natural.

Because mogen is a modal verb, and in Dutch main clauses the second verb usually goes to the end.

So the pattern is:

• finite verb in second position: mogen
• infinitive at the end: stellen

This is very common in Dutch:

• Wij mogen komen.
• Ik kan zwemmen.
• Zij wil koffie drinken.

In your sentence:

• Na de uitleg mogen wij nog vragen stellen.

The infinitive stellen is placed at the end of the clause.

Yes, wij means we, but in everyday spoken Dutch, we is often more common.

So you may hear:

• Wij mogen nog vragen stellen.
• We mogen nog vragen stellen.

Both are correct.

A rough guideline:

• we = very common in speech and informal use
• wij = a bit more formal, careful, or emphatic

So a native speaker might often say we in conversation, even though wij is perfectly correct.

Yes, absolutely.

That version is also correct:

• Wij mogen na de uitleg nog vragen stellen.

The difference is mainly about focus and word order:

• Na de uitleg mogen wij nog vragen stellen.
  This emphasizes after the explanation.
• Wij mogen na de uitleg nog vragen stellen.
  This is a more neutral subject-first sentence.

Dutch often moves time phrases or other sentence parts to the front, but then the verb must stay in second position.

Yes, it could be singular, but the meaning would change slightly.

In the original sentence:

• vragen stellen = ask questions, in general

If you want singular, you would normally say:

• een vraag stellen = ask a question

So:

• Na de uitleg mogen wij nog vragen stellen. = After the explanation, we may still ask questions.
• Na de uitleg mogen wij nog een vraag stellen. = After the explanation, we may still ask one question / a question.

The plural sounds natural when the speaker means questions in general, without limiting the number.

Uitleg often means explanation, but depending on context it can also feel like:

• instructions
• clarification
• briefing

So in a classroom, meeting, or presentation, de uitleg could refer to:

• the teacher’s explanation
• the instructions that were just given
• the part where something was explained

That is why the most natural English translation can vary a little depending on the situation, even though the Dutch word stays the same.