Kunt u mijn been even bekijken, dokter? Mijn enkel doet meer pijn dan gisteren.

Because this is a yes/no question.

In Dutch, the finite verb usually comes first in a yes/no question:

• U kunt mijn been bekijken. = statement
• Kunt u mijn been bekijken? = question

So kunt u is the normal inverted question order.

Also, with u, both u kunt and u kan exist in real usage, but kunt u is a very standard and safe choice in careful Dutch.

U is the formal word for you.

A patient speaking to a doctor will often use u, especially in a polite or somewhat formal situation. It sounds respectful.

Compare:

• Kunt u ... ? = formal/polite
• Kun je ... ? = informal

If you were talking to a friend, je/jij would be more natural. To a doctor, u is very common.

That is correct: even here does not mean even in the English sense.

In Dutch, even often means something like:

• just
• for a moment
• quickly
• or it simply makes a request sound softer and more polite

So:

• Kunt u mijn been bekijken? = Can you look at my leg?
• Kunt u mijn been even bekijken? = Can you just take a quick look at my leg?

It is extremely common in polite everyday Dutch.

Because Dutch often puts the main infinitive at the end when there is a modal verb such as kunnen.

Here the structure is:

• Kunt = finite verb / modal
• u = subject
• mijn been = object
• even = adverb
• bekijken = infinitive at the end

So the pattern is roughly:

finite verb + subject + other elements + infinitive

This is very normal Dutch word order.

No. This is a classic false friend.

• been = leg
• bot = bone

So mijn been means my leg, not my bone.

That is an important word to remember because English speakers often guess it wrong.

Because dokter is being used as a form of address.

When you directly address someone in Dutch, you usually do not use an article:

• Dokter, kunt u helpen?
• Meneer, mag ik iets vragen?
• Mama, kijk!

So dokter here works like Doctor in English.

The comma is important too, because it shows direct address:

• ..., dokter?

It means to look at, but often with the nuance of examining, checking, or taking a proper look at.

So in a medical context, bekijken sounds quite natural. It suggests more than just casually looking.

A very common alternative would be:

• Kunt u even naar mijn been kijken?

That is also very natural and may sound a bit more everyday.
So:

• bekijken = look at / examine
• naar ... kijken = look at

Both work here.

Dutch often uses the expression pijn doen for to hurt.

So:

• Mijn enkel doet pijn. = My ankle hurts.
• literally: My ankle does pain

It is just an idiomatic Dutch structure.

You can think of it as a fixed expression:

• iets doet pijn = something hurts

When you add meer, you get:

• Mijn enkel doet meer pijn. = My ankle hurts more.

This is very natural Dutch.

Dan is the normal word used after a comparative in Dutch.

Here, meer is comparative:

• meer = more

So:

• meer pijn dan gisteren = more pain than yesterday

That is why Dutch uses dan here.

A useful rule:

• groter dan = bigger than
• sneller dan = faster than
• meer ... dan = more ... than

English speakers often confuse dan and als, but after a comparative like meer, Dutch uses dan.

It depends on what the speaker wants to emphasize.

• mijn been bekijken can mean the doctor should look at the general leg area
• mijn enkel then gives the more specific problem

So this is not wrong at all. It sounds like the patient first asks for an examination of the leg area, then explains that the ankle is what hurts more.

If you wanted to be more specific from the start, you could say:

• Kunt u mijn enkel even bekijken, dokter?

That may sound slightly more precise, but the original sentence is still perfectly understandable.

It is natural and polite.

What makes it sound natural:

• u for formal address
• even to soften the request
• doet pijn as a normal way to say something hurts

The only small thing is that in very everyday speech, many people might say:

• Kunt u even naar mijn enkel kijken, dokter? Mijn enkel doet meer pijn dan gisteren.

That version may feel a bit more conversational. But the original sentence is absolutely good Dutch, especially in a polite medical context.