Sofie helpt vrijwillig met het nakijken van de toetsen.

Breakdown of Sofie helpt vrijwillig met het nakijken van de toetsen.

Sofie
Sofie
met
with
helpen
to help
van
of
de toets
the test
vrijwillig
voluntarily
het nakijken
the marking
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Questions & Answers about Sofie helpt vrijwillig met het nakijken van de toetsen.

Why is it “helpt met het nakijken” and not just “helpt nakijken”?

Dutch commonly uses helpen met + [noun / verbal noun] to mean “to help with …”.

  • met het nakijken literally: “with the checking”
    • met = with
    • het nakijken = the activity of checking / marking

You can also say:

  • Sofie helpt de toetsen nakijken.
  • Sofie helpt de toetsen na te kijken.

Those versions use helpen + infinitive (like English help (to) do something).

So:

  • Sofie helpt met het nakijken van de toetsen.
    = She helps with the checking of the tests. (focus on the activity)

  • Sofie helpt de toetsen nakijken / na te kijken.
    = She helps (to) check the tests. (focus more on the action she participates in)

All are grammatical; helpen met + het + infinitive is just a very natural way to describe an ongoing task or duty.

What exactly is “het nakijken”? Is it a verb or a noun?

nakijken is a separable verb: na + kijken
Basic forms:

  • infinitive: nakijken (to check / to mark / to correct)
  • past: keek na
  • past participle: nagekeken

In het nakijken, the infinitive is used as a noun, with het as the article:

  • het nakijken = the checking / the marking (a noun phrase)

English has something similar:

  • reading (verb) → the reading (of the text) (noun)
  • Dutch does it using the bare infinitive + het:
    • het lezen – the reading
    • het koken – the cooking
    • het nakijken – the checking/marking

So in this sentence, het nakijken is not functioning as a verb; it’s a verbal noun, the name of the activity Sofie helps with.

Why do we say “het nakijken van de toetsen” and not just “het nakijken de toetsen”?

When the infinitive is used as a noun (het nakijken), its object usually comes with van:

  • het nakijken van de toetsen
    literally: “the checking of the tests”

You cannot say ✗ het nakijken de toetsen in standard Dutch.
Compare:

  • het lezen van het boek – the reading of the book
  • het schoonmaken van het lokaal – the cleaning of the classroom
  • het nakijken van de toetsen – the checking of the tests

So the pattern is:

het + [infinitive-as-noun] + van + [object]
het nakijken van de toetsen

What does “vrijwillig” mean here, and what kind of word is it?

vrijwillig means “voluntary” / “of one’s own free will, not forced or required”.

In this sentence it describes how Sofie helps, so it functions as an adverb (even though its basic form is also an adjective):

  • adjective:
    • een vrijwillige taak – a voluntary task
    • vrijwillige medewerkers – volunteer workers
  • adverb:
    • Sofie helpt vrijwillig – Sofie helps voluntarily
      (she chooses to, she isn’t obliged or paid necessarily)

So here vrijwillig tells us that Sofie is not required to help with checking the tests; she does it by choice.

Where can “vrijwillig” go in the sentence? Is the position fixed?

Adverbs like vrijwillig are somewhat flexible in Dutch. All of these are possible, with small differences in emphasis:

  1. Sofie helpt vrijwillig met het nakijken van de toetsen.
    (neutral; very natural word order)

  2. Sofie helpt met het nakijken van de toetsen vrijwillig.
    (ok, but puts slight focus on “voluntarily” at the end)

  3. Vrijwillig helpt Sofie met het nakijken van de toetsen.
    (more emphatic, a bit literary or contrastive: It is voluntarily that Sofie helps…)

The safest, most common choice in everyday speech is exactly the original:

Sofie helpt vrijwillig met het nakijken van de toetsen.

Why is it “toetsen” and not “toetsenS” or something else? What does toetsen mean here?

toetsen here is the plural noun:

  • een toets = a test/exam (often written school test)
  • twee toetsen = two tests
  • de toetsen = the tests

So:

  • de toets – the test
  • de toetsen – the tests

Note:

  • There is also a verb toetsen (to test), and
  • Another noun toets can mean key/button (on a keyboard, piano, etc.).

In this school context, toetsen clearly means tests/exams that need to be checked or graded.

Why is it “helpt” and not “helpen” or “help”?

Dutch verbs are conjugated based on the subject. For helpen (to help):

  • infinitive: helpen
  • ik help – I help
  • jij / je helpt – you help
  • hij / zij / Sofie helpt – he / she / Sofie helps
  • wij helpen – we help
  • jullie helpen – you (pl.) help
  • zij helpen – they help

Because the subject is Sofie (3rd person singular), you use:

Sofie helpt …

This is just like English “Sofie helps …” (with an -s in English, with -t in Dutch).

Could we say “Sofie helpt de toetsen na te kijken” instead? What’s the difference?

Yes, that sentence is also correct:

  • Sofie helpt vrijwillig met het nakijken van de toetsen.
    – She helps with the checking of the tests (focus on the activity as a whole).

  • Sofie helpt vrijwillig de toetsen na te kijken.
    – She helps (to) check the tests (focus more on the action Sofie performs).

Grammar:

  • helpen met + het + [infinitive-as-noun]
    helpen met het nakijken van de toetsen

  • helpen + [object] + te + [infinitive]
    helpen de toetsen na te kijken

Both are natural. The original sounds slightly more like describing a task she assists with, e.g. as part of school/volunteer duties.

Why is the preposition “met” used before “het nakijken”? Could we use “bij” or “tijdens” instead?

The preposition met is standard after helpen when you talk about the activity you assist with:

  • iemand helpen met het huiswerk – help someone with homework
  • hem helpen met opruimen – help him with tidying up
  • Sofie helpt (vrijwillig) met het nakijken van de toetsen.

You could use other prepositions, but the meaning shifts:

  • bij het nakijken – more like “during the checking” / “when (someone else) is checking”

    • Sofie is aanwezig bij het nakijken van de toetsen.
      = Sofie is present while the tests are being checked (not necessarily helping).
  • tijdens het nakijken – explicitly “during the checking (time)”

    • Tijdens het nakijken van de toetsen luistert ze naar muziek.
      = While checking the tests, she listens to music.

For helping with an activity, helpen met … is the natural choice.

Does “vrijwillig” here mean that she is unpaid?

Not automatically. vrijwillig literally means:

  • voluntary, done of one’s own free will, not obligatory

In many contexts, voluntary work is indeed unpaid (like vrijwilligerswerk = volunteer work), so people often assume “unpaid”. But grammatically it does not strictly say anything about money; it says:

  • She is not required or forced to help.
  • She has chosen to help.

So depending on the wider context, it may or may not imply that she’s unpaid; the sentence itself only states that she helps by choice.