Breakdown of Ik wil niet per se winnen; ik wil vooral leren.
ik
I
niet
not
leren
to learn
willen
to want
winnen
to win
vooral
mainly
per se
necessarily
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Questions & Answers about Ik wil niet per se winnen; ik wil vooral leren.
What does per se mean here? Is it the same as in English?
In Dutch, per se is common and has two main uses:
- necessarily/by definition: in the fixed phrase niet per se = “not necessarily.”
- absolutely/at all costs: Ik wil per se winnen = “I absolutely want to win (at all costs).”
In your sentence, niet per se means “not necessarily.”
How do you spell per se in Dutch? Any accents or hyphens?
- Always two words: per se.
- No accents: not per sé.
- No hyphen: not per-se.
- It’s from Latin, but you don’t need italics in normal writing.
What’s the difference between niet per se winnen and per se niet winnen?
- Ik wil niet per se winnen: Winning is not a goal in itself; it’s not necessary. You might still be fine with winning.
- Ik wil per se niet winnen: You absolutely do not want to win. You insist on not winning.
The word order changes the scope: in the second, per se intensifies the niet.
Why is it niet and not geen?
- Use geen to negate a noun phrase without a determiner: Ik wil geen prijs (I don’t want a prize).
- Use niet to negate verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositional phrases, or a specific noun with an article: Ik wil niet (per se) winnen negates the action, so you need niet.
Why is wil in second position and winnen/leren at the end?
Dutch main clauses follow the “verb-second” (V2) rule:
- The finite verb (wil) goes in position 2.
- With modal verbs (like willen), the infinitive (winnen/leren) goes to the clause-final position.
- Adverbs like niet per se and vooral typically come before the infinitive they modify. Example: Morgen wil ik vooral leren.
Could I say Ik wil leren vooral instead of Ik wil vooral leren?
Normally no. Place vooral before what it modifies:
- Natural: Ik wil vooral leren.
- Odd/marked: Ik wil leren, vooral. (only works with a dramatic pause in speech)
- Unnatural: Ik wil leren vooral.
Would hoeven be more idiomatic than willen for “not necessarily have to win”?
Often yes:
- Ik hoef niet per se te winnen; ik wil vooral leren. Using hoeven expresses lack of necessity. Note it requires te with the infinitive: (niet) hoeven te + infinitive.
What’s the nuance of vooral? How does it compare to voornamelijk, met name, in het bijzonder?
- vooral = mainly/primarily (neutral, very common): Ik wil vooral leren.
- voornamelijk = principally/primarily (more formal): Ik wil voornamelijk leren.
- met name = especially/namely (used to single out items, often nouns): Ik wil leren, met name grammatica.
- in het bijzonder = in particular (formal emphasis): Ik wil in het bijzonder leren. In your sentence, vooral is the most natural.
Is the semicolon necessary? Could I use a comma or maar?
- The semicolon neatly joins two closely related main clauses without a conjunction.
- A comma is possible in informal Dutch, but style guides often prefer a semicolon or a conjunction.
- Very natural alternative: Ik wil niet per se winnen, maar ik wil vooral leren.
- After a semicolon, don’t capitalize ik (unless it starts a new sentence).
Is Ik wil… too direct? How can I make it more polite?
It’s fine, but to soften:
- Add graag: Ik wil graag vooral leren.
- Use conditional: Ik zou vooral willen leren.
- Combine: Ik zou graag vooral willen leren.
How do you pronounce key words like per se, vooral, winnen, leren?
Approximate IPA and stress:
- per se: [pɛr ˈse] (stress on se; Dutch r varies by region)
- vooral: [voːˈrɑl] (stress on the last syllable)
- winnen: [ˈʋɪnə(n)]
- leren: [ˈleːrə(n)]
- wil: [ʋɪl], niet: [nit], ik: [ɪk] Tip: Dutch w is [ʋ], not English [w].
Does winnen need an object? When do I use winnen van, verslaan, or overwinnen?
- winnen can be intransitive: We hebben gewonnen (We won).
- To say you beat someone: winnen van
- person/team: We hebben van hen gewonnen.
- verslaan (transitive “defeat”): We hebben hen verslagen.
- overwinnen = “overcome” (fear, problems): angst overwinnen.
Could I use liever to express preference?
Yes, but it shifts the nuance from “primarily” to “rather/sooner”:
- Ik wil liever leren dan winnen. (I’d rather learn than win.)
- Superlative: het liefst: Ik wil het liefst leren. Your original vooral emphasizes main focus; liever emphasizes comparative preference.
Why is there no te before winnen/leren?
With core modals—kunnen, moeten, mogen, willen, zullen—Dutch uses a bare infinitive:
- Ik wil leren. not ✗ Ik wil te leren. Note: hoeven is different; it requires te: Ik hoef niet te winnen.
How do past-tense forms work: wilde vs wou?
Both are standard for the past of willen:
- Ik wilde niet per se winnen; ik wilde/wou vooral leren.
- wou is more informal and very common (also standard), wilde is neutral.
What about person endings: wil or wilt?
- 1st person: ik wil.
- 2nd person: both jij/je wil and jij/je wilt are accepted; with inversion you normally drop -t: Wil je…?
- 3rd person: hij/zij wil (no -t).