Toen het internet uitviel, gebruikte ik een ouderwets woordenboek.

Questions & Answers about Toen het internet uitviel, gebruikte ik een ouderwets woordenboek.

What does toen mean in this sentence, and why is it used instead of wanneer?
Toen means “when” but is reserved for a single event in the past. You use wanneer mainly in questions or for general/recurring situations.
Why does the verb uitviel appear at the end of the clause?
Because toen introduces a subordinate clause, and in Dutch subordinate clauses the finite verb goes to the very end (verb‐final word order).
Why is uitvallen split into viel uit in the past tense, and why do we write uitviel?
Uitvallen is a separable verb (prefix uit + base vallen). In the past tense you split it: viel (past of vallen) + uit. When you write it at the end of a subordinate clause, you fuse them into uitviel.
How do we form the past tense of gebruiken, and why is it gebruikte here?
Gebruiken is a regular (weak) verb. Its stem is gebruik, and in the past singular you add -te (because the final consonant /k/ follows the ‘t kofschip’ rule), yielding gebruikte.
Why is ouderwets not inflected as ouderwetse before woordenboek?
Because woordenboek is a neuter noun preceded by the indefinite article een. With a singular neuter noun and een, Dutch adjectives take no –e ending.
Why do we say het internet and write internet in lowercase?
In Dutch, internet is a common neuter noun, not a proper name. Common nouns are not capitalized, and neuter nouns take het.
Why is there a comma after uitviel?
When a subordinate clause (here introduced by toen) comes before the main clause, Dutch grammar requires a comma to separate them.
Why does gebruikte come immediately after ik in the main clause?
In a Dutch main clause, the finite verb must occupy the second position. The subject ik is first, so the verb gebruikte follows in second position; the object een ouderwets woordenboek comes after.
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