Questions & Answers about Je kunt van het verleden leren.
kunt is the second-person singular present form of the modal verb kunnen (“to be able”). It means you can. The standard conjugation of kunnen in the present tense is:
- ik kan
- jij kunt (because the subject jij/je precedes the verb)
- hij/zij kan
- wij kunnen
In informal speech you might also hear je kan, but the normative form with je before the verb is je kunt.
Dutch main clauses follow the rule:
- Finite verb in second position (here kunt)
- Any non-finite verbs (infinitives, participles) go to the clause’s end
Since kunnen is a modal, its infinitive leren moves to the very end:
Je (subject) – kunt (finite verb) – van het verleden (object/prep. phrase) – leren (infinitive).
- van indicates a source or origin (“from the past”).
- uit often implies physical movement out of something (“out of a box,” etc.).
For abstract ideas like het verleden, van is far more idiomatic. You might occasionally hear Je kunt uit het verleden leren, but van het verleden leren is the standard expression.
- je is the informal, unstressed second-person singular pronoun (“you”).
- jij is also informal but stressed—for emphasis: Jij kunt van het verleden leren (emphasizing “you”).
- u is the formal singular pronoun: U kunt van het verleden leren.
Use the adverbial pronoun ervan when referring back to het verleden:
Je kunt ervan leren.
To add quantity: Je kunt er veel van leren (“You can learn a lot from it”).
Starting with a prepositional phrase causes inversion: the finite verb stays in second position, so the subject follows it. Also note that the t on kunt drops when the subject comes after the verb in inverted order:
Van het verleden kun je leren.
Structure: Van het verleden (prep. phrase) – kun (finite verb) – je (subject) – leren (infinitive).