Breakdown of Mijn zus luistert elke avond naar een luisterboek voordat ze gaat slapen.
naar
to
elke
every
luisteren
to listen
mijn
my
voordat
before
de zus
the sister
een
a, an
de avond
the evening
ze
she
het luisterboek
the audiobook
gaan slapen
to go to sleep
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Questions & Answers about Mijn zus luistert elke avond naar een luisterboek voordat ze gaat slapen.
Why is the verb form luistert used instead of the base form luisteren?
In Dutch, verbs must be conjugated according to the subject. Here, luisteren (to listen) is conjugated to luistert because the subject Mijn zus (my sister) is third person singular. This is why the –t ending is added in the present tense.
What role does the preposition naar play in this sentence?
The preposition naar translates to “to” in English when used with verbs like luisteren. In the phrase naar een luisterboek, it expresses what is being listened to, much like “listens to” in English.
Why is the adverbial phrase elke avond placed immediately after luistert?
Dutch sentence structure often places time expressions such as elke avond (every evening) right after the main verb. This positioning emphasizes the regularity of the action and contributes to the natural flow of the sentence.
What is the function of voordat in the sentence, and how does it affect word order?
Voordat is a subordinating conjunction meaning “before.” It introduces a subordinate clause (voordat ze gaat slapen). In Dutch, subordinate clauses commonly shift the finite verb to the end, which is why gaat appears at the end of the clause.
Why is the phrase gaat slapen used instead of a single verb meaning “sleep”?
In Dutch, the expression gaan slapen literally means “go to sleep.” It is a periphrastic construction where the helper verb gaan combines with the infinitive slapen to convey the process of falling asleep. This construction is common when describing actions like going to bed.