Rådet fra læreren hjælper mig med opgaven.

In Danish, the is often added to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word.

So here:

• en lærer = a teacher

• læreren = the teacher

• et råd = a piece of advice / a tip

• rådet = the advice / the piece of advice

• en opgave = an assignment / a task
• opgaven = the assignment

That is why you do not see a separate word like English the in this sentence.

Because råd is a neuter noun, so it takes the definite ending -et.

• et råd = a piece of advice
• rådet = the piece of advice / the advice

By contrast, common-gender nouns usually take -en:

• en lærer → læreren
• en opgave → opgaven

So the ending depends on the noun’s gender:

• en-word → usually -en in the definite singular
• et-word → usually -et in the definite singular

Yes. This is a very common thing for English speakers to notice.

In English, advice is usually uncountable, so we say:

• some advice
• a piece of advice

But in Danish, råd is often used as a countable noun:

• et råd = a piece of advice
• to råd = two pieces of advice / two tips

So rådet here means the advice or the piece of advice, depending on context.

Also, råd can sometimes mean council, but in this sentence advice is clearly the right meaning.

Yes, you could.

• rådet fra læreren = the advice from the teacher
• lærerens råd = the teacher’s advice

Both are natural, but they are built differently.

fra læreren uses a prepositional phrase and emphasizes the source:

• from the teacher

lærerens uses the Danish genitive (possessive), like English teacher’s.

So both can work, but this sentence chooses the from structure.

Because fra is the normal word for from when you mean origin or source.

Here, the advice comes from the teacher, so fra is the natural choice.

af often means by or of, and it is especially common with passive constructions, for example:

• Bogen er skrevet af læreren = The book is written by the teacher

So in this sentence:

• fra læreren = natural
• af læreren = not the usual choice

hjælper is the present tense of at hjælpe (to help).

• at hjælpe = to help
• hjælper = help(s) / is helping

Danish verbs do not change form depending on the subject the way English sometimes does. So you get:

• jeg hjælper
• du hjælper
• han hjælper
• vi hjælper

The form stays hjælper.

Also, Danish present tense can often cover both:

• helps
• is helping

The exact English translation depends on context.

Because mig is the object form, while jeg is the subject form.

• jeg = I
• mig = me

In this sentence:

• Rådet fra læreren is the subject: it is doing the helping
• mig is the object: the person being helped

So:

• hjælper mig = helps me

You would only use jeg if I were the subject:

• Jeg hjælper læreren = I help the teacher

Because the usual Danish pattern is:

hjælpe nogen med noget
= help someone with something

So:

• hjælper mig med opgaven = helps me with the assignment

Here:

• med = with
• opgaven = the assignment / the task

If it were not a specific assignment, you could say:

• med en opgave = with an assignment

The sentence follows normal Danish main-clause word order:

• Rådet fra læreren = subject
• hjælper = verb
• mig = object
• med opgaven = prepositional phrase

So the structure is:

Subject + verb + object + prepositional phrase

Danish is also a V2 language, which means the finite verb normally comes in the second position in main clauses.

For example:

• I dag hjælper rådet fra læreren mig med opgaven.
  • Today, the teacher’s advice helps me with the assignment.

Even when another element comes first, the verb still stays in second position.

A few useful pronunciation points:

• å in rådet is roughly like the vowel in law.
• æ in læreren and hjælper is somewhat like the vowel in cat, though not exactly.
• hj in hjælper begins with a y-like sound; the h is usually very weak or silent.
• The d in rådet is a soft Danish d, not a strong English d.

A rough learner-friendly guide might be:

• rådet ≈ RAW-thel / RAW-thuh
• læreren ≈ LAIR-er-en
• hjælper ≈ YEL-per

Those are only approximations, but they can help you get started.