Máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny, prosím?

Yes. In Czech, máte means you have or do you have, depending on context and intonation.

Unlike English, Czech does not need an extra auxiliary verb like do to form this kind of question. So:

• Máte mrkev. = You have carrots.
• Máte mrkev? = Do you have carrots?

A rising question intonation in speech, or a question mark in writing, is enough.

Also, máte is the 2nd person plural/formal form of mít (to have).

Because máte is used for:

• you plural = when speaking to more than one person
• formal you = when politely speaking to one person

In a shop, restaurant, or other service situation, Czech usually uses the formal form, so máte is the natural choice.

Compare:

• Máš ještě mrkev? = informal, to one friend
• Máte ještě mrkev? = formal, or to several people

Here ještě means something like:

• still
• yet
• any more

In this sentence, it suggests that you are asking whether they still have some left.

So Máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny? is like:

• Do you still have carrots and pasta?
• Do you have any more carrots and pasta?

The exact English wording depends on context, but ještě adds the idea of still / remaining / more available.

Because Czech has no articles.

English uses words like:

• a
• an
• the
• sometimes some

Czech usually leaves that idea to context.

So:

• mrkev can mean carrot, the carrot, or some carrots, depending on the situation
• těstoviny can mean pasta, the pasta, or some pasta

You understand the exact meaning from context rather than from an article.

Czech often uses a singular noun when talking about a food item or ingredient in a general sense.

So mrkev can refer to:

• carrot as a type of food
• carrots in a general shopping sense

In English, we often say carrots in this context, but Czech can naturally use mrkev.

So this is normal and idiomatic.

Těstoviny is normally a plural-only noun in Czech. It means pasta.

So even though English pasta looks singular, Czech uses a plural form:

• těstoviny jsou... = pasta is... in English, but literally the Czech grammar treats it as plural

This is just something to learn as part of the noun.

A few Czech nouns behave like this: they are grammatically plural even when English uses a singular-looking word.

They are in the accusative, because they are the direct objects of máte.

You are asking Do you have what?

• mrkev
• těstoviny

So they are objects, which normally means accusative.

In this sentence, though, the forms look the same as the dictionary form:

• mrkev: nominative and accusative singular are the same
• těstoviny: nominative and accusative plural are also the same here

So the case is accusative, even though there is no visible ending change.

Prosím means please, and putting it at the end is very common and natural in Czech requests.

So:

• Máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny, prosím? = polite and natural
• Prosím, máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny? = also possible
• Máte prosím ještě mrkev a těstoviny? = also possible, though slightly different in rhythm

Czech word order is flexible, and prosím can move around. At the end, it sounds especially natural in service situations.

Yes, Czech word order is more flexible than English word order.

For example, these are possible:

• Máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny, prosím?
• Máte prosím ještě mrkev a těstoviny?
• Prosím, máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny?
• Máte ještě těstoviny a mrkev, prosím?

The original version is very natural. Changing the word order can slightly change emphasis, but the basic meaning stays the same.

Yes. A means and.

So:

• mrkev a těstoviny = carrots and pasta

It is the normal Czech coordinating conjunction for joining nouns, just like English and.

Yes, very natural.

It sounds like a polite question to ask if something is still available. For example, in a shop, cafeteria, or canteen, you could use it to ask whether they still have those items.

Because of máte and prosím, it sounds polite and appropriate for speaking to staff.

You would normally replace máte with máš:

• Máš ještě mrkev a těstoviny?

That is the informal singular you form.

If speaking to more than one friend, you could still use máte:

• Máte ještě mrkev a těstoviny?

So the key difference is not the sentence structure, but the choice between formal/plural and informal singular.

A simple learner-friendly pronunciation guide is:

• mrkev ≈ mur-kev
• těstoviny ≈ tyes-to-vi-nee
• máte ≈ maa-teh
• ještě ≈ yesh-tyeh
• prosím ≈ pro-seem

A few useful pronunciation points:

• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable
• ř does not appear here, so this sentence is relatively friendly for pronunciation
• ě often affects the consonant before it, which is why tě sounds roughly like tye

If you want to sound natural, keep the first-syllable stress consistent:

• MÁ-te JEŠ-tě MR-kev a TĚS-to-vi-ny, PRO-sím?