Pronajímatel poslal vyúčtování.

Because Czech often omits subject pronouns when the verb form already shows enough information.

In Pronajímatel poslal vyúčtování, the noun pronajímatel already tells you who did the action: the landlord. So adding on (he) would usually be unnecessary.

You could say On poslal vyúčtování, but that would normally add emphasis, like He sent the statement.

The form poslal agrees with the subject:

• poslal = masculine singular
• poslala = feminine singular
• poslalo = neuter singular
• poslali / poslaly = plural

Since pronajímatel is a masculine singular noun, the verb must be poslal.

So:

• Pronajímatel poslal... = The landlord sent...
• Pronajímatelka poslala... = The female landlord sent...

Czech past tense works differently from English.

In the 3rd person singular, Czech normally just uses the past form by itself:

• poslal = sent

In other persons, Czech uses forms related to být (to be):

• poslal jsem = I sent
• poslal jsi = you sent
• poslal = he sent

So in this sentence, nothing is missing. Poslal is the normal correct past-tense form for he sent.

It is in the accusative singular, because it is the direct object of the verb poslal.

The landlord sent what?
→ vyúčtování

That makes it the object, so Czech uses the accusative.

A useful detail: for many neuter nouns like vyúčtování, the nominative and accusative singular look the same. So although the form is unchanged, its function here is accusative.

Vyúčtování usually means something like:

• a statement
• a billing statement
• a settlement of charges
• a final accounting, especially for rent, utilities, or service costs

In housing contexts, it often refers to the document showing what was charged and what still needs to be paid or refunded.

It is not exactly the same as:

• účet = bill/check/account
• faktura = invoice
• účtenka = receipt

So vyúčtování is a more specific accounting or settlement document.

Pronajímatel is a masculine animate noun meaning landlord or more literally lessor.

It comes from the verb pronajímat = to rent out / lease out.

Because it refers to a person, it is animate, which matters in Czech grammar, especially in some case forms.

Its basic singular form here is nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence.

Yes. Czech word order is more flexible than English word order because grammatical roles are shown more by endings than by position.

The neutral order here is:

• Pronajímatel poslal vyúčtování.

But you could also hear:

• Vyúčtování poslal pronajímatel.
• Poslal vyúčtování pronajímatel.

These alternatives change the focus or emphasis, not the core meaning.

As a beginner, it is best to treat subject + verb + object as the safest default pattern.

A few key pronunciation points:

• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word.
• Long vowels matter:
  • á, í, ý, ú are pronounced longer than a, i, y, u.

Roughly:

• Pronajímatel → PRO-na-YEE-ma-tel
• poslal → POS-lal
• vyúčtování → VY-ooch-toh-VAA-nee

A few details:

• j is pronounced like English y
• č sounds like ch in chair
• í / ý / á are long vowels

So vyúčtování contains:

• vy-úč- with a clear ooch sound in úč

Grammatically, yes: pronajímatel is the masculine form.

It usually refers to a male landlord, or sometimes it may be used in a general legal/role-based sense depending on context.

The feminine form is:

• pronajímatelka

So:

• Pronajímatel poslal vyúčtování. = a male landlord sent it
• Pronajímatelka poslala vyúčtování. = a female landlord sent it

Yes, if the subject is already clear from context.

Czech often leaves out subjects when they are understood. So:

• Poslal vyúčtování. = He sent the statement.

But if you are introducing the information for the first time, including pronajímatel makes it clearer.

No, it is singular, not plural.

Many Czech neuter nouns end in:

• -í
• -ání
• -ení
• -ování

These are often abstract nouns or verbal nouns.

So vyúčtování is a singular neuter noun meaning something like settlement/accounting statement.

Its plural would be:

• vyúčtování in nominative/accusative plural as well in form? Actually this noun often has the same shape in singular and plural in some cases, so the number is usually understood from context.

For this sentence, it is clearly singular: the statement / the billing statement.

The dictionary form is poslat, which means to send.

In the sentence, it appears as the past-tense form:

• poslat = to send
• poslal = sent

A useful pair to know is:

• posílat = to send repeatedly / be sending / send habitually
• poslat = to send once, as a completed action

Here poslal suggests a completed action: the landlord sent it.