Tento spotřebič má energetický štítek.

Tento means this.

Here it is in the masculine singular nominative form, because it agrees with spotřebič.

• tento = this (masculine singular)
• tato = this (feminine singular)
• toto = this (neuter singular)

So tento spotřebič = this appliance.

Spotřebič is a masculine inanimate noun.

That matters because words that go with it, like demonstratives and adjectives, must agree with its gender, number, and case.

In this sentence, spotřebič is the subject, so it is in the nominative singular:

• Tento spotřebič = this appliance

Má is the 3rd person singular present tense of the verb mít = to have.

So:

• já mám = I have
• ty máš = you have
• on/ona/ono má = he/she/it has

Here the subject is spotřebič, so Czech uses má = has.

Also, Czech usually does not need an extra subject pronoun like it. The noun spotřebič already tells you who or what has something.

Because Czech normally does not use subject pronouns when they are unnecessary.

English says:

• This appliance has... or
• It has...

Czech usually just uses the noun or relies on the verb ending:

• Tento spotřebič má...

If the subject is already clear, Czech often leaves out on / ona / ono.

It is in the accusative, because it is the direct object of má.

The appliance has what?
→ energetický štítek

So the object is accusative.

However, for a masculine inanimate singular noun like štítek, the accusative looks the same as the nominative. That is why it does not visibly change here.

Because štítek is masculine inanimate singular, and in that type of noun, the accusative singular is the same as the nominative singular.

So:

• nominative: energetický štítek
• accusative: energetický štítek

They look identical.

This is very common in Czech with masculine inanimate nouns.

For comparison, with a feminine noun you would usually see a change:

• energetická nálepka = an energy label/sticker
• má energetickou nálepku = has an energy label/sticker

Because adjectives in Czech must agree with the noun they describe.

Here energetický describes štítek, so it matches štítek in:

• gender: masculine inanimate
• number: singular
• case: accusative

That gives the form energetický.

So:

• energetický štítek = masculine inanimate singular

The basic difference is:

• tento = this
• ten = usually that, though in real Czech it is also often used more loosely

In everyday Czech, ten is very common and can sometimes feel a bit like the/that depending on context. But tento is clearer and more explicit when you really mean this.

So in a sentence like this, tento spotřebič clearly means this appliance.

Because Czech has no articles.

English needs:

• an energy label
• the appliance

Czech does not use separate words for a/an/the. The meaning comes from context, word order, or words like tento.

So:

• spotřebič can mean an appliance, the appliance, or just appliance, depending on context
• tento spotřebič makes it specific: this appliance

Yes, if the context already makes the appliance clear.

• Tento spotřebič má energetický štítek. = This appliance has an energy label.
• Spotřebič má energetický štítek. = The appliance / an appliance has an energy label.

If you omit tento, you lose the explicit idea of this.

The given order is the most neutral and natural one:

Tento spotřebič má energetický štítek.

Czech word order is more flexible than English because case endings help show grammatical roles. So other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Energetický štítek má tento spotřebič.

That sounds more marked, as if you are emphasizing energy label or contrasting this appliance with something else.

For a normal plain statement, the original word order is best.

A few useful points:

• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word.
• š sounds like sh
• č sounds like ch in church
• í is a long ee
• á is a long ah
• ř is the famous Czech sound; learners often approximate it at first with a simple r or rzh

Roughly:

• spotřebič ≈ SPO-tře-bich
• štítek ≈ SHTEE-tek

The hardest part is ř in spotřebič. Do not worry if you cannot say it perfectly right away.

Štítek can mean a label, tag, small plate, or sticker, depending on context.

In this sentence, energetický štítek refers to the energy label you see on appliances, the one showing energy efficiency information.

So this is a fixed, very common phrase in product and appliance language:

• energetický štítek = energy label