Njezin sivi pulover stoji na stolici kraj kreveta.

It breaks down like this:

• Njezin sivi pulover = the subject, her grey sweater
• stoji = the verb, literally stands, but here more naturally is / is sitting / is located
• na stolici = on the chair
• kraj kreveta = beside the bed

So the structure is:

[subject] + [verb] + [location] + [more specific location]

Croatian often uses a verb like stajati where English would simply use is.

Njezin means her.

A very important point: Croatian possessive words agree with the thing possessed, not with the English word her in some abstract way.

Here, the possessed noun is pulover:

• pulover is masculine
• singular
• nominative (because it is the subject)

So the possessive has to match that, giving njezin.

Compare:

• njezin pulover = her sweater
• njezina stolica = her chair
• njezino dijete = her child

In all three cases, the owner is female, but the form changes to match the noun.

You may hear njen, but njezin is the standard Croatian form.

So:

• njezin = preferred in standard Croatian
• njen = common in some everyday speech, but less standard in Croatian

If you are learning standard Croatian, njezin is the safer form to use.

Sivi is the adjective form used here with pulover.

It matches pulover in:

• gender: masculine
• number: singular
• case: nominative

A useful practical contrast is:

• sivi pulover = grey sweater
• Pulover je siv. = The sweater is grey.

So before the noun, you often see sivi in a phrase like this, while siv is very common when the adjective comes after je.

Pulover is in the nominative singular.

It is nominative because it is the subject of the sentence — the thing that stoji.

Dictionary form:

• pulover = sweater / jumper

In this sentence, the subject is Njezin sivi pulover.

The basic verb is stajati, which literally means to stand.

But Croatian uses verbs of position more often than English does. With objects, stoji can simply mean that something is positioned somewhere or has been left somewhere.

So here stoji does not necessarily mean the sweater is literally upright. It more naturally means something like:

• is
• is sitting
• is there
• is lying/placed

English usually uses a more neutral verb, but Croatian often prefers stoji in this kind of sentence.

Yes, you could say Njezin sivi pulover je na stolici kraj kreveta.

That would still be understandable and correct.

The difference is mainly style:

• je na stolici = more neutral, simply states location
• stoji na stolici = more vivid, more natural in many contexts when describing where something is placed

So stoji is a very normal and useful choice here.

Because Croatian uses different cases depending on whether there is:

• location: where something is
• movement: where something is going

Here the sweater is already on the chair, so this is location.

That means:

• na + locative = location
  na stolici = on the chair

But:

• na + accusative = movement toward/on to
  na stolicu = onto the chair

So:

• Pulover stoji na stolici. = The sweater is on the chair.
• Stavila je pulover na stolicu. = She put the sweater onto the chair.

Because after na in a location meaning, Croatian uses the locative case.

The noun stolica changes like this:

• nominative: stolica
• locative singular: stolici

So:

• na stolici = on the chair

This is a very common pattern with feminine nouns ending in -a.

Kraj here means beside, next to, or by.

As a preposition, kraj takes the genitive case. That is why krevet changes to kreveta.

So:

• krevet = bed
• kreveta = of the bed / after kraj

Therefore:

• kraj kreveta = beside the bed

Yes. Pored kreveta is a very common alternative and means almost the same thing: beside / next to the bed.

So both are natural:

• kraj kreveta
• pored kreveta

For a learner, it is enough to know that both work well in this sentence.

No. Croatian word order is fairly flexible because case endings show what each word is doing.

The original sentence is a normal, neutral version:

Njezin sivi pulover stoji na stolici kraj kreveta.

But you could also say:

• Na stolici kraj kreveta stoji njezin sivi pulover.
• Kraj kreveta na stolici stoji njezin sivi pulover.

These versions shift the focus a little:

• starting with the location makes the location more prominent
• starting with the subject feels more neutral

So the original order is natural, but not the only possible one.

Because Croatian has no articles.

English uses a and the, but Croatian does not. Instead, definiteness is understood from:

• context
• word order
• demonstratives like taj = that
• possessives like njezin = her

So pulover can mean a sweater or the sweater depending on context. In this sentence, njezin already makes it specific enough.

A rough English-friendly guide would be:

NYEH-zin SEE-vee POO-lo-ver STO-yee na STOH-lee-tsee krai KREH-ve-ta

A few helpful sound notes:

• nj in njezin is like the ny sound in canyon
• j is pronounced like English y
• c is always ts, so stolici ends with -tsee
• kraj sounds roughly like krai

You do not need perfect stress right away; clear vowels and clear consonants matter most at the start.

Yes, but then the meaning changes.

• Njezin sivi pulover stoji na stolici kraj kreveta. = Her grey sweater is on the chair beside the bed.
• Sivi pulover stoji na stolici kraj kreveta. = The grey sweater / a grey sweater is on the chair beside the bed.

So you can omit njezin only if you do not need to say whose sweater it is, or if that is already obvious from context.