Njegova supruga predala je prigovor.

A very close breakdown is:

• Njegova = his
• supruga = wife
• predala je = submitted / handed in
• prigovor = complaint / objection

So the sentence is literally His wife submitted a complaint/objection.

Croatian word order is often more flexible than English, so the words do not always appear in the exact same order you would expect in English.

Because njegova has to agree with supruga.

In Croatian, possessive words like njegov (his) change form depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe.

Here:

• supruga is feminine singular
• so njegov becomes njegova

Compare:

• njegov brat = his brother
• njegova supruga = his wife
• njegovo dijete = his child

So njegova is the feminine singular form.

Supruga is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case.

The basic dictionary form of the noun is also supruga, and that is the form used here because the sentence is about who did the action.

So:

• supruga = nominative singular
• it means wife
• it is the person who performed the action of submitting the complaint

Because the past participle must agree with the subject.

The subject is supruga, which is feminine singular, so the participle is predala.

Compare:

• On je predao prigovor. = He submitted the complaint.
• Ona je predala prigovor. = She submitted the complaint.

So:

• predao = masculine singular
• predala = feminine singular
• predalo = neuter singular

Since wife is feminine, predala is the correct form.

It is the Croatian perfect tense, which is the normal way to talk about a completed action in the past.

It is formed with:

• the past participle: predala
• the auxiliary je from biti (to be)

So:

• predala je = she has submitted / she submitted

In most everyday contexts, English will translate this simply as submitted.

Because je is a clitic, and clitics in Croatian usually appear in the second position of the clause.

So although English says:

• has submitted

Croatian often puts the auxiliary after the first stressed element or phrase:

• Njegova supruga predala je prigovor.

This is very normal Croatian word order.

You may also see other valid arrangements, depending on emphasis, such as:

• Njegova je supruga predala prigovor.

Both are grammatical, but clitic placement follows Croatian rules, not English ones.

Here prigovor is the direct object, so it is in the accusative case.

However, prigovor is a masculine inanimate noun, and many masculine inanimate nouns have:

• the same form in the nominative
• and the same form in the accusative

So:

• nominative: prigovor
• accusative: prigovor

That is why it looks unchanged.

If it were a masculine animate noun, you would usually see a different accusative form.

Prigovor usually means something like:

• complaint
• objection
• formal complaint
• appeal in some contexts

The exact English translation depends on context.

For example, in legal, administrative, or official language, predati prigovor often means:

• to file an objection
• to submit a complaint
• to lodge a formal complaint

So this sentence sounds slightly formal or administrative rather than casual.

Both can refer to a wife, but they are not used in exactly the same way.

• supruga = wife, and it sounds a bit more formal or neutral
• žena can mean woman or wife, depending on context

So:

• njegova supruga = clearly his wife
• njegova žena = also often his wife, but žena by itself can also just mean woman

In this sentence, supruga avoids ambiguity and sounds a little more official or careful.

Yes. Croatian allows more word-order flexibility than English.

This sentence could be rearranged for emphasis, for example:

• Njegova supruga predala je prigovor.
• Prigovor je predala njegova supruga.
• Njegova je supruga predala prigovor.

These versions all mean roughly the same thing, but the emphasis changes:

• starting with Njegova supruga highlights his wife
• starting with Prigovor highlights the complaint/objection

English is much stricter about word order, so this often feels unusual to learners.

Because Croatian does not have articles like English the and a/an.

So prigovor can mean:

• a complaint
• the complaint
• an objection
• the objection

The exact meaning depends on context.

Likewise, supruga does not need an article either. Croatian speakers understand definiteness from context, word order, and situation rather than from articles.

Predala comes from the verb predati.

This verb is perfective, which means it presents the action as completed.

That fits the sentence well, because the complaint was actually submitted.

A related imperfective verb is predavati, which suggests repeated action, process, or ongoing activity in the right context.

So very roughly:

• predati = to submit / hand in as a completed act
• predavati = to be submitting / to submit repeatedly / to hand over regularly, depending on context

In this sentence, the perfective predati is the natural choice because it describes one completed event.