wǒ xiǎng zài xuéxiào fùjìn zū yí gè ānjìng de fángjiān.

Chinese often puts location before the main verb.

So the structure here is:

• 我 = subject
• 想 = want / would like to
• 在学校附近 = near the school
• 租 = rent
• 一个安静的房间 = a quiet room

A very common Chinese pattern is:

Subject + 想/要 + location + verb + object

So even though English says rent a room near the school, Chinese naturally says something closer to:

I want [near the school] [rent] [a quiet room].

That sounds normal in Mandarin.

在 means at, in, on, near, depending on context. It introduces a location.

In this sentence:

• 在学校附近 = near the school

So 在 tells you where the renting is happening / where the room is located.

It is extremely common in Chinese to use:

• 在 + place

Examples:

• 在家 = at home
• 在学校 = at school
• 在学校附近 = near the school

Yes, pretty much.

• 学校 = school
• 附近 = nearby area / vicinity

So:

• 学校附近 = the area near the school

You can think of 附近 as a location word meaning nearby or vicinity.

In Chinese, place words often combine directly like this:

• 学校附近 = near the school
• 我家附近 = near my home
• 地铁站附近 = near the subway station

You may also see 学校的附近, but that is less natural here. 学校附近 is the usual way.

Chinese usually needs a measure word between a number and a noun.

So instead of saying:

• 一房间 ❌

you say:

• 一个房间 ✅

Here:

• 一 = one
• 个 = a general measure word
• 房间 = room

So 一个房间 literally means one + measure word + room.

That said, for 房间, a more specific measure word is often:

• 一间房间

because 间 is a common measure word for rooms.

So:

• 一个房间 = understandable and common in casual speech
• 一间房间 = a bit more precise / natural

This is because of a very common tone change rule for 一.

Normally:

• 一 is underlyingly first tone: yī

But in actual speech:

• before a 4th-tone syllable, it becomes yí
• before a 1st, 2nd, or 3rd-tone syllable, it usually becomes yì

Here it is followed by 个. In teaching materials, 个 is often written as gè (4th tone), so:

• 一个 → yí gè

So the pinyin in your sentence is correct:

• 一{yí} 个{gè}

In everyday speech, 个 is often light/neutral in many contexts, but learners are usually first taught yí gè.

的 links a modifier to a noun.

Here:

• 安静 = quiet
• 房间 = room
• 安静的房间 = a quiet room

So 的 works a bit like the English idea of turning quiet into quiet one / quiet kind of room, though it does not translate word-for-word.

A very common pattern is:

adjective + 的 + noun

Examples:

• 漂亮的房子 = a pretty house
• 便宜的衣服 = cheap clothes
• 安静的房间 = a quiet room

Usually no.

With a two-syllable adjective like 安静, you normally use 的 before a noun:

• 安静的房间 ✅
• 安静房间 ❌

In some cases, especially with very common monosyllabic adjectives, 的 can be omitted:

• 好人 = good person
• 新房子 = new house

But with 安静, you should say:

• 安静的房间

Yes, you could use 要, but the feeling is different.

• 想 = want to / would like to / am thinking of
• 要 = want / need / intend to, often stronger or more direct

So:

• 我想在学校附近租一个安静的房间。 = I’d like to rent a quiet room near the school.

This sounds natural and a bit softer.

If you say:

• 我要在学校附近租一个安静的房间。

it sounds more definite, like:

• I am going to rent...
• I want to rent... with stronger intention

For many everyday situations, 想 is the more polite and natural choice.

They mean different things:

• 租 = rent / lease
• 住 = live / stay

So this sentence focuses on the act of renting a room.

• 租房间 = rent a room
• 住房间 is not the normal way to say it

If you want to talk about living somewhere, you use 住:

• 我住在学校附近。 = I live near the school.

If you want to talk about getting the room by paying rent, use 租:

• 我想租一个房间。 = I want to rent a room.

In this sentence, people will normally understand it as describing the location of the room.

So:

• 我想在学校附近租一个安静的房间 means
• I want to rent a quiet room near the school

Even though grammatically the location phrase comes before the verb, in real usage it naturally tells you where the room is.

If you want to make the noun phrase itself explicitly contain that location, you could also say something like:

• 我想租一个学校附近的安静房间

But that version is less smooth than the original, and it may sound a bit stiff. The original sentence is very natural.

房间 means room.

So this sentence suggests renting a room, possibly in a shared apartment or house.

If you mean a whole apartment, other words may be better:

• 公寓 = apartment
• 房子 = house / place
• 单间 = single room
• 套房 = suite / apartment unit

Examples:

• 我想租一间安静的房间。 = I want to rent a quiet room.
• 我想在学校附近租一套公寓。 = I want to rent an apartment near the school.

So whether 房间 is correct depends on what you actually mean.

Chinese does not have articles like English a, an, the.

So:

• 学校 can mean school or the school
• 房间 can mean room or the room, depending on context

In this sentence:

• 学校附近 is understood as near the school
• 一个安静的房间 gives the idea of a quiet room

Chinese uses context, word order, numbers, and measure words instead of articles.

Yes — and many teachers would say that is actually more natural.

For rooms, 间 is a very common measure word:

• 一间房间 = one room

So these are both possible:

• 一个安静的房间
• 一间安静的房间

The second one is often more idiomatic because 间 matches 房间 more specifically.

So a very natural version is:

• 我想在学校附近租一间安静的房间。

It can be used both ways, but very often it appears after a place.

Examples:

• 学校附近 = near the school
• 我家附近 = near my home
• 这附近 = around here / nearby

So yes, 附近 can stand with a demonstrative:

• 这附近有超市吗？ = Is there a supermarket around here?

But in your sentence, it naturally follows a place:

• 学校附近

Yes, it sounds natural.

A native speaker would understand it immediately.

A slightly more natural everyday version might be:

• 我想在学校附近租一间安静的房间。

That version uses 间 instead of 个, which fits 房间 better.

But your original sentence is still perfectly understandable and acceptable:

• 我想在学校附近租一个安静的房间。