chūntiān de shíhou, zhège chéngshì bú shì xiàyǔ, jiù shì guāfēng, suǒyǐ wǒ chángcháng dài sǎn chūmén.

Literally, 春天的时候 means at the time of spring.

In natural English, that becomes in spring or when it is spring.

时候 means time or moment, and ...的时候 is a very common pattern meaning when... or during... So:

• 春天 = spring
• 春天的时候 = during spring / when spring comes

Using 的时候 makes the time setting feel a little more explicit.

Here, 的 links 春天 to 时候.

You can think of it as forming something like the time of spring:

• 春天 = spring
• 时候 = time
• 春天的时候 = the time of spring / during spring

This is a very common structure in Mandarin. Even though it may feel a bit wordy in English, it sounds natural in Chinese.

Yes. 春天，这个城市不是下雨，就是刮风... is also natural.

The difference is mostly in tone and style:

• 春天 = shorter, simpler
• 春天的时候 = slightly fuller, more explicit as a time frame

Both are correct here.

This is because of tone sandhi.

Normally, 不 is fourth tone: bù.
But when it comes before another fourth-tone syllable, it changes to second tone: bú.

Here it comes before 是 shì, which is fourth tone:

• 不 + 是
• pronounced bú shì

So the character is still 不, but the pronunciation changes.

不是……就是…… means if it’s not A, then it’s B or more naturally either A or B.

In this sentence:

• 不是下雨，就是刮风
• it’s either raining or windy

This pattern often suggests that the situation happens again and again, sometimes with a feeling of annoyance, resignation, or complaint. Here it sounds a bit like:

In spring, this city is always either rainy or windy.

Not really by itself.

In this sentence, 就 is part of the fixed pattern 不是……就是……. So it is better to learn the whole pattern as one unit rather than translating 就 alone.

So instead of thinking:

• 不 = not
• 就 = then

it is better to think:

• 不是 A，就是 B = either A or B

Good question. Here, 是 is not acting like the normal copula to be in the sentence 他是老师.

In 不是 A，就是 B, the words 不是 and 就是 form a set pattern. So the 是 is part of the grammar structure, not a separate to be that requires a noun after it.

That is why you can say:

• 不是下雨，就是刮风
• 不是忙，就是累
• 不是太贵，就是太远

So it is best to treat 不是……就是…… as a fixed expression.

In Mandarin, places are very often used as the topic or subject with weather expressions.

So:

• 这个城市下雨
• literally looks like this city rains
• but really means it rains in this city or this city gets rain

Likewise:

• 这个城市刮风
• means it is windy in this city

This is very natural in Chinese. English usually prefers it rains in this city or in this city, it rains, but Chinese often lets the place come first without adding anything else.

Yes. They function as verb phrases.

• 下雨 = to rain
• 刮风 = for the wind to blow / to be windy

So Chinese does not need a separate verb like to be before them.

For example:

• 今天下雨。 = It is raining today.
• 外面刮风。 = It is windy outside.

This is why the sentence can directly use 下雨 and 刮风 as the two alternatives.

Because 常常 is an adverb, and Chinese adverbs usually come before the main verb.

So the normal order is:

• subject + adverb + verb
• 我 + 常常 + 带伞出门

This is the standard, natural placement.

So:

• 我常常带伞出门
• I often bring an umbrella when I go out

It is a very common kind of Chinese verb sequence.

• 带伞 = bring an umbrella
• 出门 = go out

Together, 带伞出门 means:

• go out carrying an umbrella
• bring an umbrella when going out

Chinese often puts actions next to each other without extra words like and, while, or when if the relationship is already clear.

So 我常常带伞出门 is very natural Chinese.