Diumenge treballo menys i vull descansar a casa.

In Catalan, days of the week often appear without a preposition when you talk about time.

So:

• Diumenge treballo menys = On Sunday I work less

Catalan does not need a separate word like English on here.

Also, weekdays in Catalan are normally written in lowercase: diumenge. It is capitalized here only because it is the first word of the sentence.

It can depend on context.

A bare weekday like diumenge often refers to a specific Sunday, especially this coming Sunday or Sunday as a time point.

If you want to make a habitual meaning clearer, Catalan often uses an article:

• Els diumenges treballo menys = On Sundays I work less
• In some varieties, el diumenge can also be used for a habitual meaning

So this sentence could be understood as either a specific Sunday or a general Sunday routine, depending on the situation. Context tells you which one is meant.

Because Catalan often drops subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

Here:

• treballo already means I work
• vull already means I want

So jo is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

For example:

• Treballo menys = I work less
• Jo treballo menys, però ell treballa més = I work less, but he works more

Treballo is the 1st person singular present tense of treballar = to work.

So:

• treballar = to work
• treballo = I work

This is a regular -ar verb. Its present-tense forms are:

• treballo = I work
• treballes = you work
• treballa = he/she works
• treballem = we work
• treballeu = you all work
• treballen = they work

Menys means less or not as much.

In this sentence, it modifies the verb treballo, so it means:

• treballo menys = I work less

A useful contrast is:

• més = more
• menys = less

Examples:

• Treballo més = I work more
• Treballo menys = I work less

Because i is simply the normal Catalan word for and.

So:

• treballo menys i vull descansar = I work less and I want to rest

If you know Spanish, this may look surprising because Spanish uses y, but Catalan uses i.

Because voler = to want is an irregular verb in the present tense.

Its forms are:

• vull = I want
• vols = you want
• vol = he/she wants
• volem = we want
• voleu = you all want
• volen = they want

So vull is just the correct present-tense form for I want.

After vull and many other verbs like want, Catalan uses the infinitive for the next verb.

So:

• vull descansar = I want to rest

This works very much like English:

• I want to rest
• Vull descansar

More examples:

• Vull menjar = I want to eat
• Vull dormir = I want to sleep

A casa is the normal idiomatic way to say at home or home in Catalan.

So:

• descansar a casa = to rest at home

You usually do not use the article when casa means home in a general personal sense.

By contrast:

• a la casa usually means at/to the house as a specific building

So the difference is roughly:

• a casa = at home
• a la casa = at the house

You can also be more specific:

• a casa meva = at my home
• a casa seva = at his/her home

Yes. Catalan word order is fairly flexible, although this sentence is very natural as it stands.

Starting with Diumenge puts the time expression first, which is a common and natural pattern:

• Diumenge treballo menys i vull descansar a casa

You could also move things around for emphasis, but the meaning or focus may change slightly.

For example:

• Treballo menys diumenge i vull descansar a casa

That still works, but it does not sound quite as neutral as starting with the time phrase. The original sentence is a very normal way to set the scene first: Sunday, I work less...