La meva germana vol esmorzar pa amb llet, i la mare vol fruita.

In standard Catalan, a possessive usually goes together with a definite article.

So Catalan normally says:

• la meva germana
• el meu germà
• la meva mare

This is different from English, where you just say my sister without the.

So la meva germana is the normal Catalan pattern.

Because the possessive must agree with the noun it describes.

Here, germana is feminine singular, so the possessive is meva.

Compare:

• el meu germà = my brother
• la meva germana = my sister

The same kind of agreement happens with other possessives too.

Vol is the third-person singular form of the verb voler, which means to want.

So:

• la meva germana vol... = my sister wants...
• la mare vol... = mother wants...

A quick mini-pattern:

• jo vull = I want
• tu vols = you want
• ell/ella vol = he/she wants

After voler, Catalan normally uses an infinitive if you mean want to do something.

So:

• vol esmorzar = wants to have breakfast

This is just like English:

• wants to eat
• wants to go
• wants to sleep

In Catalan:

• vol menjar = wants to eat
• vol dormir = wants to sleep
• vol esmorzar = wants to have breakfast

Here it is a verb.

That is because it comes after vol, and after vol you expect an infinitive:

• vol esmorzar = wants to have breakfast

But esmorzar can also be a noun meaning breakfast.

For example:

• L’esmorzar és a taula = Breakfast is on the table

So Catalan uses the same form for both the verb and the noun, and the context tells you which one it is.

Because Catalan often leaves out the article with food or mass nouns when speaking generally or about an unspecified amount.

So:

• pa = bread / some bread
• llet = milk / some milk
• fruita = fruit / some fruit

In this sentence, the idea is not the specific bread or the specific fruit, but simply those foods in general.

If you were talking about a specific one already known in the conversation, the article could appear:

• la fruita = the fruit
• el pa = the bread
• la llet = the milk

Amb means with, while i means and.

So:

• pa amb llet = bread with milk
• pa i llet = bread and milk

Both can be possible depending on what exactly you want to say, but they are not exactly the same.

Amb presents llet as something accompanying pa.
I simply lists two separate items.

In normal Catalan sentences, family words often appear with the definite article:

• la mare
• el pare
• la germana

So la mare vol fruita is a very natural structure.

Without the article, mare often sounds more like direct address:

• Mare, vine! = Mum, come here!

So in a regular statement, la mare is the expected form.

Because each subject has its own verb.

The two parts are:

• La meva germana vol esmorzar pa amb llet
• la mare vol fruita

Repeating vol makes the sentence clear and complete. It shows that:

• your sister wants one thing
• your mother wants another thing

Catalan often repeats the verb in this kind of coordinated sentence, just as English usually does.

Not always.

In Catalan, a comma before i is often omitted, especially in simple coordination. So this version is also possible:

• La meva germana vol esmorzar pa amb llet i la mare vol fruita.

The comma can still appear for clarity, especially when two full clauses with different subjects are being joined.

So in this sentence, the comma is possible, but many writers would also accept the version without it.

Because Catalan normally uses this order:

subject + conjugated verb + infinitive + object

So here you get:

• La meva germana = subject
• vol = conjugated verb
• esmorzar = infinitive
• pa amb llet = what she wants to have for breakfast

This order is very natural in Catalan.

In standard Catalan, ll is usually pronounced like a ly sound.

So llet sounds roughly like lyet.

A useful comparison for English speakers is the middle sound in million. It is not exactly the same in every dialect, but that comparison is often helpful at the beginner level.