عندما تكون أمي جاهزة، نخرج من البيت ونذهب إلى السوق.

عندما means when.

In this sentence, it introduces a time clause:

• عندما تكون أمي جاهزة = when my mother is ready

After that, the main action follows:

• نخرج من البيت ونذهب إلى السوق = we leave the house and go to the market

So the sentence structure is:

• When X happens, Y happens.

This is a very common way to connect events in Modern Standard Arabic.

That is a very common question.

It is true that in simple present-tense sentences, Arabic often omits to be. For example:

• أمي جاهزة = My mother is ready

There is no separate word for is there.

But in this sentence, Arabic uses تكون because the clause is introduced by عندما and refers to a situation like when my mother is ready. In this kind of time clause, using a form of كان / يكون is very natural.

So:

• أمي جاهزة = My mother is ready
• عندما تكون أمي جاهزة = When my mother is ready

Here, تكون is the feminine singular form of to be / become in the present tense.

Because the subject is أمي (my mother), which is feminine singular.

Arabic verbs agree with the subject, so:

• هو يكون = he is / becomes
• هي تكون = she is / becomes

Since أمي is feminine, the verb must also be feminine:

• تكون أمي جاهزة

So تكون matches أمي.

Because it describes أمي, and adjectives in Arabic must agree with the noun they describe.

أمي = my mother, which is feminine singular.

So the adjective must also be feminine singular:

• masculine: جاهز = ready
• feminine: جاهزة = ready

That is why the sentence says:

• أمي جاهزة
• تكون أمي جاهزة

and not جاهز.

نخرج is a verb meaning we go out or we leave.

The نـ at the beginning shows first person plural:

• أخرج = I go out
• نخرج = we go out

So here:

• نخرج من البيت = we leave the house

Arabic often does not need a separate word for we, because the verb already shows it.

نذهب means we go.

Again, the نـ at the beginning marks we.

So:

• نذهب إلى السوق = we go to the market

Together, the two verbs are:

• نخرج = we leave / go out
• نذهب = we go

This gives the sequence:

• we leave the house and go to the market

In Arabic, the present tense often covers several meanings that English separates more clearly.

It can express:

• present actions
• habitual actions
• near future
• repeated actions

So this sentence can mean something like:

• When my mother is ready, we leave the house and go to the market
• or Whenever my mother is ready, we leave the house and go to the market

Arabic does not always need a special future marker here. The time relationship is already clear from عندما.

If you wanted to make the future idea more explicit in some contexts, Arabic could sometimes use future markers, but in this kind of sentence the plain present is very normal.

Yes, Arabic could use just one verb in some contexts, but using both gives a clearer sequence of actions.

• نخرج من البيت = we leave the house
• ونذهب إلى السوق = and go to the market

This shows two steps:

1. we go out of the house
2. we go to the market

If you said only:

• نذهب إلى السوق

that would mean we go to the market, but it would not specifically mention leaving the house.

Because the prepositions are different:

• من = from
• إلى = to

So:

• من البيت = from the house
• إلى السوق = to the market

These are very common movement patterns in Arabic:

• خرج من... = left/went out of...
• ذهب إلى... = went to...

So the sentence naturally says:

• نخرج من البيت = we leave the house
• نذهب إلى السوق = we go to the market

The و means and.

Arabic uses و very frequently to connect actions, nouns, and clauses. Here it links the two verbs:

• نخرج من البيت = we leave the house
• ونذهب إلى السوق = and we go to the market

So:

• نخرج من البيت ونذهب إلى السوق
• We leave the house and go to the market

This is completely normal Arabic style.

No. In Arabic, the verb already contains the subject.

For example:

• نخرج already means we leave
• نذهب already means we go

So you do not need to add نحن unless you want emphasis.

Compare:

• نخرج من البيت = we leave the house
• نحن نخرج من البيت = we leave the house with extra emphasis on we

In most ordinary sentences, the pronoun is omitted.

Yes, sometimes.

The sentence as written begins with the time clause:

• عندما تكون أمي جاهزة، نخرج من البيت ونذهب إلى السوق.

This is like saying:

• When my mother is ready, we leave the house and go to the market.

You could also put the main clause first:

• نخرج من البيت ونذهب إلى السوق عندما تكون أمي جاهزة.

That would mean essentially the same thing:

• We leave the house and go to the market when my mother is ready.

Both are possible. Starting with عندما often sounds natural when you want to set the time frame first.

It can be understood either way, depending on context.

Without extra context, it may mean:

• a general routine: Whenever my mother is ready, we leave the house and go to the market
• or a future situation: When my mother is ready, we will leave the house and go to the market

Arabic often leaves this flexible, and the listener understands it from context.

So the present-tense verbs here do not force only one interpretation.

Sometimes yes, but the meaning can shift slightly.

• عندما usually means when
• إذا can mean if or when, depending on context

In a sentence like this, عندما sounds clearly like a time expression:

• when my mother is ready

If you used إذا, it might still be understood, but it can sound a bit more conditional in some contexts:

• if/when my mother is ready

So عندما is a very good choice when the main idea is simply time.

أمي means my mother.

It is made of:

• أم = mother
• ـي = my

So:

• أم = mother
• أمي = my mother

The ending ـي is a possessive suffix meaning my. Arabic uses these suffixes very often:

• بيتي = my house
• كتابي = my book
• أمي = my mother

السوق literally means the market, because it has الـ, the Arabic definite article.

• سوق = a market / market
• السوق = the market

In English, though, we often translate it naturally as either:

• the market
• or sometimes just market, depending on style

In this sentence, إلى السوق is best understood as:

• to the market

Yes. جاهز / جاهزة can mean:

• ready
• prepared

The exact English word depends on context.

In this sentence:

• عندما تكون أمي جاهزة

the most natural translation is usually:

• when my mother is ready

But the underlying idea is that she is prepared and able to leave.

Yes, it is natural and clear Modern Standard Arabic.

It uses very standard vocabulary and grammar:

• عندما for a time clause
• تكون with a feminine subject
• جاهزة agreeing with أمي
• نخرج من البيت for leaving the house
• نذهب إلى السوق for going to the market

It is the kind of sentence a learner can safely use as a model.