Question 1

Since we are learning about adjectives used as adverbs (like parler fort), why can't I say explique-moi simple?

Accepted Answer

The use of invariable adjectives as adverbs is an exception that only applies to a few specific fixed phrases, like coûter cher, sentir bon, or travailler dur. For most other verbs, including expliquer, you still need to use a standard adverb ending in -ment, which is why we use simplement here.

Question 2

How do I know to use ce qui instead of ce que in this sentence?

Accepted Answer

Use ce qui when "what" is the subject of the verb that follows it, and ce que when it is the direct object. Here, the "what" is the thing that actually happened (it is the subject of s'est passé), so you must use ce qui.

Question 3

Could I just say ce qui a passé to mean "what happened"?

Accepted Answer

No, because the regular verb passer usually means "to pass" (like passing time or handing someone an object). To mean "to happen" or "to take place", you must use the pronominal verb se passer. Because it is pronominal, it uses the auxiliary être in the passé composé, giving us s'est passé.

Question 4

Why does moi come after the verb with a hyphen?

Accepted Answer

This sentence is an affirmative command (the imperative mood). In affirmative commands, French requires you to move the object pronoun after the verb, attach it with a hyphen, and use its stressed form (so me becomes moi).

Explique-moi simplement ce qui s'est passé.

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