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Le programmeur a créé un biais en programmant ce robot.

Le programmeur a créé un biais en programmant ce robot.
The programmer created a bias by programming this robot.
From Lesson 364:Condition and extent (dans la mesure où)·French

Questions & Answers about Le programmeur a créé un biais en programmant ce robot.

Why does créé have two accents in a row?
The verb is créer (to create). To form the past participle of a regular -er verb, you drop the -er and add -é. So, the stem cré- gets an -é, becoming créé. It looks unusual to English eyes but perfectly follows the standard rule.
Why is "by programming" translated as en programmant rather than using the word par?
In French, to express the method or means of doing something ("by doing "), you use the gerund form: the preposition en followed by the present participle (programmant). English speakers often try to use par for "by" here, but par cannot be followed by an -ant verb form.
Is the word biais used exactly like "bias" in English?
Yes, in modern contexts like technology, science, and sociology, un biais translates directly to "a bias" (such as an algorithmic or cognitive bias). Because it already ends in an -s, its singular and plural forms are identical. You will also often see it in the useful expression par le biais de, meaning "by means of" or "through".
How is the present participle programmant formed?
Like almost all French verbs, you find the present participle by taking the nous form of the present tense (nous programmons), dropping the -ons ending, and adding -ant. And just like in English, words in this family (programmer, programmeur) are safely spelled with a double M.

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