Learn French: Tu tousses, je te conseille ce sirop. - You are coughing, I advise you to take this syrup.

In French, object pronouns like te (to you) almost always go right before the verb they are connected to. Also, the verb is conseiller quelque chose à quelqu'un (to advise something to someone). Since the advice is given to you, te is acting as an indirect object pronoun (COI).

The English translation includes 'to take', but I don't see the French verb for it. Why?

French often phrases things more simply than English! The phrase je te conseille ce sirop literally translates to 'I advise to you this syrup'. You don't need to add the verb prendre (to take) for it to make perfect sense in French, though you could say je te conseille de prendre ce sirop if you wanted to be highly specific.

Why is there no word for 'are' in tu tousses?

French doesn't use a separate tense for ongoing actions like English does with 'are coughing'. The standard present tense tu tousses translates to both 'you cough' and 'you are coughing' depending on the context. Translating 'are' word-for-word here would be grammatically incorrect in French.

Why do we use ce sirop instead of le sirop?

Ce means 'this' or 'that'. It is a demonstrative adjective used before masculine singular nouns like sirop. If you used le, the sentence would just mean 'I advise you the syrup' instead of pointing out 'this syrup' specifically.