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Je mange un morceau de pain avec un peu de confiture.

Je mange un morceau de pain avec un peu de confiture.
I eat a piece of bread with a little jam.
From Lesson 47:Expressions of quantity (un peu de, beaucoup de)·French

Questions & Answers about Je mange un morceau de pain avec un peu de confiture.

Why is it un peu de confiture instead of un peu de la confiture?
When using expressions of quantity like un peu de (a little bit of) or beaucoup de (a lot of), the grammar rule is simple: always use just de (or d' before a vowel). You drop the la, le, or les that normally goes with the noun.
I see un morceau de pain here. Does un morceau work just like un peu and beaucoup?
Exactly! un morceau (a piece) acts as an expression of quantity. Normally you would say du pain for "some bread", but after a quantity phrase, it simplifies to just de, giving us un morceau de pain.
Why use peu instead of petit to say "little"?
In French, petit refers to physical size (small), while peu refers to an amount or quantity (not much). Because we are talking about an amount of jam, we must use the quantity expression un peu de.
Does Je mange mean "I eat" or "I am eating" in this sentence?
It can mean either! French does not have a separate verb form for actions happening right now. Je mange translates to both "I eat" (a regular habit) and "I am eating" (in this exact moment). You just use the context to know which one makes sense.

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