Word
Hän antoi lupauksen palata, mutta hänen aikomuksensa on jäädä Lontooseen.
Meaning
He gave a promise to return, but his intention is to stay in London.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Breakdown of Hän antoi lupauksen palata, mutta hänen aikomuksensa on jäädä Lontooseen.
olla
to be
hän
he / she
mutta
but
antaa
to give
Questions & Answers about Hän antoi lupauksen palata, mutta hänen aikomuksensa on jäädä Lontooseen.
Why do lupaus and aikomus take the first infinitive (palata, jäädä)?
Abstract nouns like lupaus (promise) and aikomus (intention) often behave grammatically like the verbs they are derived from (luvata, aikoa). Because you use the basic dictionary form (1st infinitive) with the verbs—like hän aikoo jäädä (he intends to stay)—you also use the 1st infinitive after their noun equivalents: aikomus jäädä (the intention to stay).
Why is the object lupauksen in the genitive-looking accusative case rather than the partitive?
The verb antaa (to give) takes a total object when the action is complete and singular. Because he gave one specific, complete promise, the object takes the total object -n ending rather than the partitive.
Why do we use the illative case Lontooseen (into London) instead of the inessive Lontoossa (in London)?
This is a classic Finnish logic trap! In Finnish, the verb jäädä (to stay, to remain) is treated as a verb of motion towards a destination—you are "coming to a stop into" a place. Therefore, it always requires a directional case like the illative (-Vn / -hVn / -seen) or allative (-lle), never a stationary case.
How is the word aikomuksensa built?