Breakdown of Sinun täytyy pukeutua hyvin, koska ulkona on kova viima.
olla
to be
ulkona
outside
koska
because
hyvin
well
täytyä
to have to
sinun
your, yours
kova
strong (intense, hard)
pukeutua
to dress
viima
the biting wind
Questions & Answers about Sinun täytyy pukeutua hyvin, koska ulkona on kova viima.
Why is the pronoun 'you' in the genitive form (sinun) instead of the nominative (sinä)?
The verb täytyy is a modal verb of necessity. Verbs expressing necessity (like täytyy, pitää, and kannattaa) require their subject to be in the genitive case. Notice that the verb itself stays locked in the third-person singular, which is why we use täytyy rather than a conjugated form.
What is the difference between the verbs pukeutua (used here) and pukea?
Pukeutua is a reflexive verb meaning 'to dress oneself.' If you used the base verb pukea, you would need an object to specify exactly what or whom you are dressing, such as putting on a specific piece of clothing (pukea takki päälle) or dressing another person (pukea lapsi).
How does the word viima differ from the general word for wind, tuuli?
While tuuli simply means 'wind,' viima refers specifically to a cold, piercing, or biting wind. It strongly implies discomfort and chill, which makes it the perfect word to explain why you must dress warmly.
Why is ulkona used here instead of ulos?
Ulkona is the static locative form meaning 'outside' (being in a location). You use ulos when there is movement to the outside, like going out of a door (mennä ulos). Here, the wind is already located outside, so the static state is required.
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