Breakdown of انجماد آب در این مرحله، داوری را سخت میکند.
این
this
آبâb
water
درdar
in
کردنkardan
to do / to make
راrâ
definite direct object marker
سختsakht
difficult / hard
مرحلهmarhale
stage, phase
داوریdâvari
judging / arbitration
انجمادenjemâd
freezing (process)
Questions & Answers about انجماد آب در این مرحله، داوری را سخت میکند.
What is the root of انجماد (enjemâd) and how does it connect to other Farsi words?
انجماد is an Arabic verbal noun (masdar) built on the three-letter root ج م د (j-m-d), which relates to being solid, stiff, or frozen. Recognizing this root helps you link it to other B2-level vocabulary like جامد (jâmed - solid) and منجمد (monjamed - frozen).
Why is the object marker را used after an abstract concept like داوری (judging)?
While داوری is an abstract action, it is highly specific here—it refers to the judging of this particular event or stage, not just "judging" in a general, philosophical sense. Because it is the specific direct object being acted upon by the verb سخت میکند, it requires the را marker.
How is the word داوری formed?
It is formed by attaching the noun-creating suffix ی (-i) to داور (dâvar - judge or referee). This suffix frequently converts a noun representing a person's role into the abstract noun of the activity they perform or their status, similar to how معلم (teacher) becomes معلمی (teaching) or دوست (friend) becomes دوستی (friendship).
Why do we use میکند (does) instead of a form of ساختن (to make) for "makes difficult"?
In English, we say "to make difficult," but in modern Farsi, changing the state of something to an adjective is almost always expressed with the light verb کردن (to do), forming compound verbs like سخت کردن (to make difficult) or گرم کردن (to make warm). Using ساختن (which means "to build" or "to manufacture") for adjective-based changes sounds very archaic or overly literary.
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